| George Bancroft (1800–1891), American historian and statesman |
| Hubert Howe Bancroft (1832–1918), American historical writer |
| Richard Bancroft (1544–1610), Archbishop of Canterbury |
| Sir Squire Bancroft (1841–1926), English actor and manager |
| Adolph Francis Alphonse Bandelier (1840–1914), American archæologist |
| Matteo Bandello (1485–1561), Italian novelist |
| Attilio (1810–1844) and Emilio (1819–1844) Bandiera, Italian patriots |
| Baccio Bandinelli (1493–1560), Florentine sculptor |
| Angelo Maria Bandini (1726–1803), Italian author |
| Johan Banér (1596–1641), Swedish soldier in the Thirty Years’ War |
| Sir Surendranath Banerjea (1848–1925), Indian orator, political reformer and journalist |
| Dezső Bánffy (1843–1911), Hungarian statesman |
| Herman Bang (1857–1912), Danish author |
| John (1798–1842) and Michael (1796–1874) Banim, Irish novelists |
| George Linnæus Banks (1821–1881), British miscellaneous writer |
| Joseph Banks (1743–1820), English naturalist |
| Nathaniel Prentiss Banks (1816–1894), American politician and soldier |
| Thomas Banks (1735–1805), English sculptor |
| George Bannatyne (1545–1608?), collector of Scottish poems |
| Charles Bannister (1741–1804), English actor and singer |
| Sir Granville Bantock (1868–1946), English musical composer |
| Théodore de Banville (1823–1891), French poet and miscellaneous writer |
| Baptiste (1761–1835), French actor |
| François de Bar (1538–1606), French scholar |
| Luis Barahona de Soto (1548?–1595), Spanish poet |
| Amable-Guillaume-Prosper Brugiére, Baron de Barante (1782–1866), French statesman and historian |
| Johann Philipp Baratier (1721–1740), German scholar of precocious genius |
| Yevgeny Abramovich Baratynsky (1800–1844), Russian poet |
| Saint Barbara (d. c. 235), Virgin martyr and saint |
| Ermolao Barbaro (1454–1493), Italian scholar |
| Barbarossa, name given by the Christians to a family of Turkish admirals and sea rovers |
| Charles-Jean-Marie Barbaroux (1767–1794), French revolutionist |
| Anna Letitia Barbauld (1743–1825), English poet and miscellaneous writer |
| François, Marquis de Barbé-Marbois (1745–1837), French politician |
| Barberini, name of a powerful Italian family |
| Jules Amédée Barbey d’Aurevilly (1808–1889), French man of letters |
| Jean Barbeyrac (1674–1744), French jurist |
| Antoine-Alexandre Barbier (1765–1825), French librarian and bibliographer |
| Henri Auguste Barbier (1805–1882), French dramatist and poet |
| Louis Barbier (1593–1670), French Bishop |
| Nicholas Barbon (c. 1640–1698), English economist |
| Praise-God Barbon (c. 1596–1679), English leather-seller and Fifth Monarchy man |
| John Barbour (c. 1320–1395), Scottish poet |
| António de Araújo de Azevedo, Count of Barca (1754–1817), Portuguese diplomatist |
| Alexander Barclay (1475?–1552), British poet |
| Florence Louisa Barclay (1862–1921), English novelist |
| John Barclay (1582–1621), Scottish satirist and Latin poet |
| John Barclay (1734–1798), Scottish divine |
| Robert Barclay (1648–1690), one of the most eminent writers belonging to the Society of Friends, or Quakers |
| William Barclay (1546/7–1608), Scottish jurist |
| Mikhail Barclay de Tolly (1761–1818), Russian field marshal |
| Bardesanes (154–222), early teacher of Christianity in Mesopotamia |
| Christoph Gottfried Bardili (1761–1808), German philosopher |
| Agénor Bardoux (1830?–1897), French statesman |
| Oscar Bardy de Fourtou (1836–1897), French politician |
| Willem Barents (c. 1550–1597), Dutch navigator |
| Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac (1755–1841), one of the most notorious members of the French National Convention |
| Giuseppe Baretti (1719–1789), Italian critic |
| Richard Harris Barham (Thomas Ingoldsby) (1788–1845), English humourist |
| Bar-Hebraeus (Abu’l-Faraj Gregorius) (1226–1286), a maphriān or catholicus of the Jacobite (Monophysite) Church |
| Baring, name of a family of English financiers and bankers |
| Maurice Baring (1874–1945), English diplomat and man of letters |
| Sabine Baring-Gould (1834–1924), English novelist |
| Edmund Henry Barker (1788–1839), English classical scholar |
| Mary Anne Barker (1831–1911), authoress |
| Simon bar Kokhba (d. 135), leader in the Jewish revolt against Rome |
| Barlaam (d. c. 1348), Bishop |
| Sir George Hilaro Barlow (1762–1847), Anglo-Indian statesman |
| Jane Barlow (1857–1917), Irish authoress |
| Joel Barlow (1754–1812), American poet and politician |
| Peter Barlow (1776–1862), English writer on pure and applied mathematics |
| Barmecides, noble Persian family which attained great power under the Abbasid caliphs |
| Saint Barnabas (First Century A.D.), Apostle |
| Lady Anne (Lindsay) Barnard (1750–1825), author of the ballad “Auld Robin Gray” |
| Charles Barnard (1838–1920), author |
| Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard (1809–1889), American scientist and educationalist |
| George Grey Barnard (1863–1938), American sculptor |
| Henry Barnard (1811–1900), American educationalist |
| John Barnard (Early Seventeenth Century), English musician |
| Thomas John Barnardo (1845–1905), English philanthropist |
| Antoine Barnave (1761–1793), one of the greatest orators of the first French Revolution |
| Sir Joseph Barnby (1838–1896), English musical composer and conductor |
| Albert Barnes (1798–1870), American theologian |
| Barnabe Barnes (1569?–1609), English poet |
| Sir Edward Barnes (1776–1838), British soldier |
| George Nicoll Barnes (1859–1940), British Labour politician |
| Joshua Barnes (1654–1712), English scholar |
| Robert Barnes (1495–1540), English reformer and martyr |
| Thomas Barnes (1785–1841), British journalist |
| William Barnes (1801–1886), Dorsetshire poet |
| John Barnett (1802–1890), English musical composer |
| Canon Barnett (1844–1913), English divine and social reformer |
| Richard Barnfield (1574–1627), English poet |
| Barnim, name of thirteen dukes who ruled over various divisions of the duchy of Pomerania |
| Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810–1891), American showman |
| Federigo Barocci (1528–1612), Italian painter |
| Michel Baron (1653–1729), French actor |
| Caesar Baronius (1538–1607), Italian Cardinal and ecclesiastical historian |
| François Odysse Barot (1830–1907), French radical journalist and man of letters |
| Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr (1831–1919), Anglo-American author |
| Robert Barr (1850–1912), British novelist |
| Joachim Barrande (1799–1883), Austrian geologist and palæontologist |
| Paul, vicomte de Barras (1755–1829), member of the French Directory of 1795–1799 |
| Isaac Barré (1726–1802), British soldier and politician |
| Maurice Barrès (1862–1923), French novelist and politician |
| Lawrence Barrett (1838–1891), American actor |
| Lucas Barrett (1837–1862), English naturalist and geologist |
| Wilson Barrett (1846–1904), English actor, manager and playwright |
| James Matthew Barrie (1860–1937), British novelist and dramatist |
| Théodore Barrière (1825–1877), French dramatist |
| Antonio Giulio Barrili (1836–1908), Italian novelist |
| Daines Barrington (1727–1800), English lawyer, antiquary and naturalist |
| George (Waldron) Barrington (1755–1804), Irishman with a curious history |
| John Shute, Viscount Barrington (1678–1734), English lawyer and theologian |
| Samuel Barrington (1729–1800), British admiral |
| Shute Barrington (1734–1826), English divine |
| William Wildman Shute, Viscount Barrington (1717–1793), English politician |
| Justo Rufino Barrios (1835–1885), statesman |
| Charles Barrois (1851–1939), French geologist |
| James Barron (1769–1851), American naval officer |
| João de Barros (1496–1570), Portuguese historian |
| Odilon Barrot (1791–1873), French politician |
| Henry Barrow (1550?–1593), English Puritan and Separatist |
| Isaac Barrow (1630–1677), English mathematician and divine |
| Sir John Barrow (1764–1848), English statesman |
| José Francisco Barrundia (1787–1854), statesman |
| Sir Charles Barry (1795–1860), English architect |
| Elizabeth Barry (c. 1658–1713), English actress |
| James Barry (1741–1806), English painter |
| John Barry (1745–1803), naval officer |
| Sir Redmond Barry (1813–1880), British colonial judge |
| Spranger Barry (1719–1777), British actor |
| Ethel Barrymore (1879–1959), American actress |
| Jacob Bar-Ṣalībī (d. 1171), best-known and most voluminous writer in the Syrian Jacobite church of the 12th century |
| Jean Bart (1651–1702), French naval commander, son of a fisherman |
| Hans von Bartels (1856–1913), German painter |
| Jeanne-Julia (Regnault) Bartet (1854–1941), French actress |
| Heinrich Barth (1821–1865), German explorer |
| Kaspar von Barth (1587–1658), German philologist |
| Barthélemy (1796–1867), French satirical poet |
| Anatole de Barthélemy (1821–1904), French archæologist and numismatist |
| François, Marquis de Barthélemy (1747/50–1830), French politician |
| Jean-Jacques Barthélemy (1716–1795), French writer and numismatist |
| Jules Barthélemy Saint-Hilaire (1805–1895), French philosopher and statesman |
| Paul-Joseph Barthez (1734–1806), French physician |
| Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (1834–1904), French sculptor |
| Caspar Bartholin (1585–1629), physician |
| Saint Bartholomew (First Century), one of the Twelve Apostles |
| John Bartholomew (1831–1893), Scottish cartographer |
| John George Bartholomew (1860–1920), Scottish cartographer |
| Bartholomew de Badlesmere (1275–1322), English nobleman |
| Louis Barthou (1862–1934), French statesman, advocate, author, journalist, and lecturer |
| John Bartlett (1820–1905), American publisher and compiler |
| John Russell Bartlett (1805–1886), American historical and linguistic student |
| Joseph Bartlett (1762–1827), adventurer and satiric poet |
| Josiah Bartlett (1729–1795), physician and statesman |
| Paul Wayland Bartlett (1865–1925), American sculptor |
| William Henry Bartlett (1809–1854), artist and author |
| Cyrus Augustus Bartol (1813–1900), Unitarian minister and an author |
| Daniello Bartoli (1608–1685), Italian Jesuit priest |
| Lorenzo Bartolini (1777–1850), Italian sculptor |
| Fra Bartolomeo (1472–1517), Italian historical and portrait painter |
| Marquis Ferdinando Bartolommei (1821–1869), Italian revolutionist and statesman |
| Francesco Bartolozzi (1727–1815), Italian engraver |
| Bartolus (1313–1357), Italian jurist |
| Benjamin Smith Barton (1766–1815), American naturalist |
| Bernard Barton (1784–1849), English poet |
| Clara Barton (1821–1912), American philanthropist |
| Edmund Barton (1849–1920), Australian statesman and judge |
| Elizabeth Barton (c. 1506–1534), English nun |
| William Barton (1748–1831), soldier of the Revolutionary War |
| John Bartram (1699–1777), physician and botanist |
| William Bartram (1739–1823), botanist |
| Karl Bartsch (1832–1888), German philologist |
| Baruch, the name of a character in the Old Testament |
| Bernard Mannes Baruch (1870–1965), American financier |
| Anton de Bary (1831–1888), German botanist |
| Alexander Ivanovich Baryatinsky (1814–1879), Russian soldier and governor of the Caucasus |
| Antoine-Louis Barye (1796–1875), French sculptor |
| John Bascom (1827–1911), American educationalist and philosophical writer |
| Johann Bernhard Basedow (1724–1790), German educational reformer |
| Marie Bashkirtseff (1860–1884), Russian artist and writer |
| Saint Basil (c. 330–379), Bishop of Cæsarea |
| Basil I. (c. 812–886), Roman Emperor in the East |
| Basil II. (c. 958–1025), Roman Emperor in the East |
| Basil, name of four grand-dukes of Moscow and tsars of Muscovy |
| Basilides (fl. 117–140), one of the most conspicuous exponents of Gnosticism |
| Thomas Basin (1412–1491), Bishop of Lisieux and historian |
| John Baskerville (1706–1775), English printer |
| Jacques Basnage (1653–1723), French Protestant divine |
| Bass, name of a family of English brewers |
| Jacopo Bassano (1510–1592), Venetian painter |
| Bassarab, name of a dynasty in Rumania |
| Olivier Basselin (fl. Fifteenth Century), French poet |
| Ernst Bassermann (1854–1917), German politician and leader of the National Liberal party |
| Laura Bassi (1711–1778), Italian lady eminently distinguished for her learning |
| Ugo Bassi (1800–1849), Italian patriot |
| Joannes Bassianus (Twelfth Century), Italian jurist |
| François de Bassompierre (1579–1646), French courtier |
| Cassianus Bassus (Sixth–Seventh Century), one of the geoponici or writers on agricultural subjects |
| Nicolas Jean Hugou de Bassville (1753–1793), French journalist and diplomatist |
| Adolf Bastian (1826–1905), German ethnologist |
| Frédéric Bastiat (1801–1850), French economist |
| Jules Bastide (1800–1879), French publicist |
| Jules Bastien-Lepage (1848–1884), French painter |
| John Bastwick (1593–1654), English physician and religious zealot |
| Henry Bataille (1872–1922), French poet and playwright |
| Imbert de Batarnay (1438?–1523), French statesman |
| Hezekiah Linthicum Bateman (1812–1875), American actor and manager |
| Arlo Bates (1850–1918), American author |
| Edward Bates (1793–1869), American statesman |
| Harry Bates (1850–1899), British sculptor |
| Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), English naturalist and explorer |
| John Bates (fl. 1606), English merchant |
| Joshua Bates (1788–1864), American financier |
| William Bates (1625–1699), English nonconformist divine |
| Thomas Bateson (d. 1630), English writer of madrigals |
| William Bateson (1861–1926), British biologist |
| Thomas Thynne, Marquess of Bath (1734–1796), English politician |
| William Pulteney, Earl of Bath (1684–1764), English politician |
| Elizabeth Báthory (1560–1614), monster of cruelty |
| Zsigmond Báthory (1572–1613), Prince of Transylvania |
| Earls Bathurst |
| Bathycles (Sixth Century B.C.), Ionian sculptor of Magnesia |
| Pompeo Batoni (1708–1787), Italian painter |
| János Batsányi (1763–1845), Hungarian poet |
| Sir William Batten (fl. 1626–1667), British sailor |
| Battenberg, name of a family of German counts |
| Charles Batteux (1713–1780), French philosopher and writer on æsthetics |
| Lajos Batthyány (1806–1849), Hungarian statesman |
| Jonathan Battishill (1738–1801), one of the best 18th-century English composers of church music |
| Battus, legendary founder of the Greek colony of Cyrene in Libya |
| Charles Baudelaire (1821–1867), French poet |
| Michel Baudier (c. 1589–1645), French historian |
| Henri Joseph Léon Baudrillart (1821–1892), French economist |
| Baudry of Bourgueil (1046–1130), Archbishop of Dol, historian and poet |
| Paul Baudry (1828–1886), French painter |
| Bruno Bauer (1809–1882), German theologian and historian |
| Gustav Bauer (1870–1944), German Socialist |
| Otto Bauer (1881–1938), Austrian politician |
| Eduard von Bauernfeld (1802–1890), Austrian dramatist |
| Bauffremont, French family |
| Caspar Bauhin (1560–1624), Swiss botanist and anatomist |
| Rudolf Baumbach (1840–1905), German poet |
| Antoine Baumé (1728–1804), French chemist |
| Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714–1762), German philosopher |
| Hermann Baumgarten (1825–1893), German historian |
| Michael Baumgarten (1812–1889), German Protestant theologian |
| Ludwig Friedrich Otto Baumgarten-Crusius (1788–1842), German Protestant divine |
| Anton (1800–1876), Edward (1807–1889) and Reinhold (1831–1900) Baumstark, family of eminent German writers |
| Ferdinand Christian Baur (1792–1860), leader of the Tübingen school of theology |
| Louis Bautain (1796–1867), French philosopher and theologian |
| Andrew Baxter (1686?–1750), Scottish metaphysician |
| Richard Baxter (1615–1691), English puritan divine |
| Robert Dudley Baxter (1827–1875), English economist and statistician |
| William Baxter (1650–1723), British antiquarian, critic and grammarian |
| Pierre Terrail, Seigneur de Bayard (c. 1473–1524), French soldier |
| James Asheton Bayard (1767–1815), American politician |
| James Asheton Bayard, Jr. (1799–1880), American politician |
| Thomas Francis Bayard (1828–1898), American diplomatist |
| Bayḍāwī (d. 1286?), Mahommedan critic |
| Bayezid I. (c. 1360–1403), Ottoman sultan, surnamed Yilderim or “Lightning” |
| Bayezid II. (1447/8–1512), Sultan of Turkey |
| Pierre Bayle (1647–1706), French philosopher and man of letters |
| Ada Ellen Bayly (Edna Lyall) (1857–1903), English novelist |
| Thomas Haynes Bayly (1797–1839), English song-writer and dramatist |
| Peter Bayne (1830–1896), Scotch writer |
| Robert Hall Bayne (1831–1895), English religious writer |
| Thomas Spencer Baynes (1823–1887), English editor and man of letters |
| François-Achille Bazaine (1811–1888), Marshal of France |
| Sir Joseph William Bazalgette (1819–1891), English engineer |
| Álvaro de Bazan, marquês de Santa Cruz (1526–1588), Spanish admiral |
| Amand Bazard (1791–1832), French socialist |
| Anaïs de Raucou Bazin (1797–1850), French lawyer and historian |
| René Bazin (1853–1932), French novelist and man of letters |
| Claude Bazire (1764–1794), French revolutionist |
| Rex Beach (1877–1949), American writer |
| Lord Beaconsfield (Benjamin Disraeli) (1804–1881), British statesman |
| Dorothea Beale (1831–1906), English schoolmistress |
| William Holbrook Beard (1824–1900), American painter |
| Aubrey Beardsley (1872–1898), English artist in black and white |
| David Beaton (c. 1494–1546), Scottish Cardinal and Archbishop of St. Andrews |
| James Beattie (1735–1803), Scottish poet and writer on philosophy |
| David, Earl Beatty (1871–1936), British admiral |
| Saint Beatus (d. 798), Spanish priest and monk, theologian and geographer |
| Beauchamp, name of several important English families |
| Alphonse de Beauchamp (1767–1832), French historian and man of letters |
| Richard de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick (1382–1439), English soldier |
| William Lygon, Earl Beauchamp (1872–1938), English politician |
| Beaufort, name of the family descended from the union of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, with Catherine |
| François de Vendôme, Duc de Beaufort (1616–1669), picturesque figure in French history |
| Henry Beaufort (c. 1377–1447), English Cardinal and Bishop of Winchester |
| Louis de Beaufort (1703–1795), French historian |
| Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby (1443–1509), mother of the English King, Henry VII. |
| Beauharnais, name of a French family |
| Eugène de Beauharnais (1781–1824), stepson of Napoleon I. |
| Beaujeu, the French province |
| Beaumanoir, seigniory in what is now the department of Côtes-du-Nord, France |
| Philippe de Rémi, Sire de Beaumanoir (c. 1250–1296), French jurist |
| Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais (1732–1799), French dramatist |
| Beaumont, name of a Norman and English family |
| Christophe de Beaumont (1703–1781), French ecclesiastic and Archbishop of Paris |
| Francis Beaumont (1584–1616) and John Fletcher (1579–1625), English dramatists |
| Gustave de Beaumont (1802–1866), French advocate and publicist |
| Sir John Beaumont (1583–1627), English poet |
| Jean de Beaurain (1696–1771), French engineer and geographer |
| Marquis de Beauregard (b. c. 1772), French adventurer |
| Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard (1818–1893), American soldier |
| Isaac de Beausobre (1659–1738), French Protestant divine |
| Beauvillier, name of a very ancient French family |
| Roger de Beauvoir (1806–1866), French writer |
| Cecilia Beaux (1855–1942), American portrait-painter |
| Max Aitken, Baron Beaverbrook (1879–1964), British politician |
| August Bebel (1840–1913), German socialist |
| Heinrich Bebel (1472–1518), German scholar and poet |
| Domenico Beccafumi (1486–1551), Italian painter |
| Cesare, Marchese di Beccaria (1738–1794), Italian publicist |
| Giambatista Beccaria (1716–1781), Italian physicist |
| Gaspar Becerra (1520?–1568?), Spanish painter and sculptor |
| Johann Joachim Becher (1635–1682), German chemist, physician, scholar and adventurer |
| Christian Daniel Beck (1757–1832), German philologist, historian, theologian and antiquarian |
| David Beck (1621–1656), Dutch portrait-painter |
| Jakob Sigismund Beck (1761–1840), German philosopher |
| Karl Beck (1817–1879), German poet |
| Heinrich Becker (1770–1822), German actor |
| Wilhelm Adolf Becker (1796–1846), German classical archæologist |
| William Beckford (1760–1844), English author |
| Thomas Beckington (c. 1390–1465), English statesman and prelate |
| Johann Beckmann (1739–1811), German scientific author |
| Friedrich, graf Beck-Rzikowsky (1830–1920), Austrian general |
| James Carroll Beckwith (1852–1917), American portrait-painter |
| Sir Thomas Sydney Beckwith (1772–1831), British general |
| Petrus Johannes Beckx (1795–1887), General of the Society of Jesus |
| Henri Becque (1837–1899), French dramatist |
| Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer (1836–1870), Spanish poet and romance-writer |
| Becquerel, name of a French family distinguished in chemical and physical research |
| Thomas Beddoes (1760–1808), English physician and scientific writer |
| Thomas Lovell Beddoes (1803–1849), English dramatist and poet
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