See quot. 1817, 1823, 1890.
1799. Killegenico, or dry sumach leaves, which they mix with their tobacco.—J. Smith, ‘Acc. Remark. Occurr’ (1870), p. 16. (N.E.D.)
1817. I observed that, as before, in smoking the pipe they did not make use of tobacco, but the bark of Cornus sanguinea, or red dog wood, mixed with the leaves of Rhus glabra, or smooth sumach. This mixture they call kinnikineck.—John Bradbury, ‘Travels in America,’ p. 91. (N.E.D.)
1823. The Kinnecanick, or, as the Omawhaws call it, Ninnegahe, mixed or made tobacco, which they use for smoking in their pipes, is composed partly of tobacco and partly of the leaves of the Sumack (rhus glabrum).—E. James, ‘Rocky Mountain Expedition,’ i. 331 (Phila.).
1827. Kinnikanic, a kind of fragrant weed that has a leaf like our box wood, and is gathered from a vine.—Tho. L. McKenney, ‘Tour of the Lakes,’ p. 180 (Balt.). (Italics in the original.)
1830. Great quantities of dried venison, salmon, and kinnicanick, were packed on horses.—T. Flint, ‘The Shoshonee Valley,’ ii. 8 (Cincinnati).
1830. He drew his kinnakinnick from his pouch, and sat down, calmly smoking his pipe.—Id., ii. 32.
1839. He [the Indian chief] smokes the article called kanikanik,—a mixture of tobacco and the dried leaves of the poke plant, (Phytolacca decandra.)—J. K. Townsend, ‘Narrative,’ p. 31. (Italics in the original.)
1846. Having lit their pipes of mixed tobacco and kinnekiniek, (the name, if spelt aright, of an Indian bark frequently used for smoking,), they all seated themselves.—Knick. Mag., xxvii. 209 (March). (Italics in the original.)
1864. Perchance [your chum] may be laying in a supply of killickinick, Big Lick, Turkish, or Shanghai.—Advt., Yale Lit. Mag., xxix. (April).
1866. Calmly and coolly we smoked our killikinick.—C. H. Smith, ‘Bill Arp,’ p. 86.
1890. It [kinni-kinnic] is a mixture of willow bark, sumach leaves, sage leaf, and tobacco, and this is thoroughly mingled with marrow from buffalo bones, [and used by the Indians for smoking].—Mrs. Custer, ‘Following the Guidon,’ p. 101 (N.Y.).
