| Henry Knox (1750–1806), American general |
| John Knox (c. 1505–1572), Scottish reformer and historian |
| Philander Chase Knox (1853–1921), American politician |
| Thomas Wallace Knox (1835–1896), American traveler, journalist and author |
| Yakov Knyazhnin (1742–1791), Russian playwright |
| William von Knyphausen (1716–1800), German soldier |
| Franz von Kobell (1803–1882), German mineralogist |
| Robert Koch (1843–1910), German bacteriologist |
| Paul de Kock (1793–1871), French novelist |
| Gentaro Kodama (1852–1906), Japanese general |
| Hans Kohlhase (d. 1540), German historical figure |
| Nīkolaí Koksharov (1818–1893), Russian mineralogist and major-general in the Russian army |
| Josef Jiří Kolár (1812–1896), Bohemian actor and playwright |
| Hermann Kolbe (1818–1884), German chemist |
| Alexander Kolchak (1874–1920), Russian admiral |
| Ferenc Kölcsey (1790–1838), Hungarian poet, critic and orator |
| Ján Kollár (1793–1852), Bohemian poet |
| Albert Kölliker (1817–1905), Swiss anatomist and physiologist |
| Hugo Kołłotaj (1750–1812), Polish politician and writer |
| Alekseï Koltsov (1809–1842), Russian poet |
| Jutaro Komura (1855–1911), Japanese statesman |
| Stanisław Koniecpolski (c. 1592–1646), Polish soldier |
| Carl Dietrich Eberhard König (1774–1851), German palæontologist |
| Heinrich Josef König (1790–1869), German novelist |
| Rudolph König (1832–1901), German physicist |
| Maria Aurora, Countess of Königsmark (1662–1728), mistress of Augustus the Strong |
| Philipp Christoph von Königsmark (1665–1694), member of a noble Swedish family |
| Laurent Guillaume de Koninck (1809–1887), Belgian palæontologist and chemist |
| Philip de Koninck (1619–1688), Dutch landscape painter |
| Konrad of Würzburg (d. 1287), German poet |
| August Kopisch (1799–1853), German poet |
| Hermann Kopp (1817–1892), German chemist |
| Adamantios Koraēs (1748–1833), Greek scholar and patriot |
| Ernst von Körber (1860–1919), Austrian statesman |
| Ogata Kōrin (1658–1716), Japanese painter and lacquerer |
| Karl Theodor Körner (1791–1813), German poet and patriot |
| Lavr Georgievich Kornilov (1870–1918), Russian general and patriot |
| Vladimir Galaktianovich Korolenko (1853–1921), Russian author |
| Sándor Kőrösi Csoma (1784–1842), Hungarian traveller and philologist |
| Tadeusz Kościuszko (1746–1817), Polish soldier and statesman |
| Ferencz Lajos ákos Kossuth (1841–1914), Hungarian statesman |
| Lajos Kossuth (1802–1894), Hungarian patriot |
| August von Kotzebue (1761–1819), German dramatist |
| Otto von Kotzebue (1787–1846), Russian navigator |
| Alexandros Koumoundouros (1814–1883), Greek statesman |
| Sonya Kovalevsky (1850–1891), Russian mathematician |
| Adam Kraft (c. 1455–1507), German sculptor |
| Albert Krantz (1448–1517), German historian |
| Józef Ignacy Kraszewski (1812–1887), Polish novelist and miscellaneous writer |
| Karl Christian Friedrich Krause (1781–1832), German philosopher |
| Paul, Freiherr Kray von Krajova (1735–1804), Austrian soldier |
| Alfred von Kremer (1828–1889), Austrian scholar and statesman |
| Conradin Kreutzer (1780–1849), German musical composer |
| Rodolphe Kreutzer (1766–1831), French violinist |
| Naḥman Krochmal (1785–1840), Jewish scholar |
| Peter Kropotkin (1842–1921), Russian geographer, author and revolutionary |
| Barbara Juliane, Freifrau von Krüdener (1764–1824), Russian religious mystic and author |
| Wilhelm Traugott Krug (1770–1842), German philosopher and author |
| Paul Kruger (1825–1904), President of the Transvaal Republic |
| Karl Krumbacher (1856–1909), German Byzantine scholar |
| Friedrich Adolf Krummacher (1767–1845), German theologian |
| Alfred Krupp (1812–1887), German metallurgist |
| Adam Ivan Krusenstern (1770–1846), Russian navigator, hydrographer and admiral |
| Ivan Andreevich Krylov (1768–1844), the great national fabulist of Russia |
| Jan Kubelik (1880–1940), Bohemian violinist |
| Kublai Khan (1216–1294), most eminent of the successors of Genghis |
| Abraham Kuenen (1828–1891), Dutch Protestant theologian |
| Franz Kugler (1808–1858), German art-critic |
| Richard von Kühlmann (1873–1948), German diplomatist |
| Adalbert Kuhn (1812–1881), German philologist and folklorist |
| Willy Kühne (1837–1900), German physiologist |
| Raphael Kühner (1802–1878), German philogogist |
| Karl Anders Kullberg (1813–1857), Swedish author |
| Kumait ibn Zaid (679–743), Arabian poet |
| Johannes Kunckel (1630?–1703), German chemist |
| August Kundt (1839–1894), German physicist |
| Prince Kung (1833–1898), Chinese statesman |
| Saint Kunigunde (d. c. 1040), wife of Roman Emperor Henry II. |
| Kuprili, name of a family of Turkish statesmen |
| Aleksandr Kuprin (1870–1938), Russian writer |
| Boris Ivanovich Kurakin (1676–1727), Russian diplomatist |
| Tamemoto Kuroki (1844–1923), Japanese general |
| Alexei Nikolaievich Kuropatkin (1848–1925), Russian general |
| Johann Heinrich Kurtz (1809–1890), German Lutheran theologian |
| Hermann Kurz (1813–1873), German poet and novelist |
| Mikhail Larionovich Kutusov (1745–1813), Russian field marshal |
| Abraham Kuyper (1837–1920), Dutch theologian and politician |
| Thomas Kyd (1558–1594), English dramatist |
| Edward Kynaston (c. 1640–1712), English actor |
| Sho-fu Kyōsai (1831–1889), Japanese painter |
| John Kyrle (1637–1724), English philanthropist |
| Ernst Laas (1837–1885), German philosopher |
| Jean de Labadie (1610–1674), French divine, founder of the school known as the Labadists |
| Jean Baptiste Labat (1663–1738), French missionary and author |
| Louise Labé (c. 1526–1566), French poet |
| Emile de La Bédollière (1812–1883), French journalist and historian |
| Marcus Antistius Labeo (c. 48 B.C.–c. 22 A.D.), Roman jurist |
| Decimus Laberius (c. 107–43 B.C.), Roman knight and writer of mimes |
| Eugène Labiche (1815–1888), French dramatist |
| Labīd (c. 560–c. 661), Arabian poet |
| Labienus, name of a Roman family |
| Luigi Lablache (1794–1858), Franco-Italian singer |
| Estienne de La Boétie (1530–1563), French writer and philosopher |
| Alexandre, Comte de Laborde (1773–1842), French soldier and archæologist |
| Fernand Labori (1860–1917), French lawyer |
| Henry Du Pré Labouchere (1831–1912), Radical politician and proprietor of Truth |
| Édouard René Lefebvre Laboulaye (1811–1883), French author |
| Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais (1699–1753), French naval commander |
| Jean de La Bruyère (1645–1696), French essayist and moralist |
| Nicolas Louis de La Caille (1713–1762), French astronomer |
| Sir James Lacaita (1813–1895), Anglo-Italian politician and writer |
| Gaultier de Coste, Seigneur de La Calprenède (c. 1610–1663), French novelist and dramatist |
| Bernard Germain de Lacépède (1756–1825), French naturalist |
| François d’Aix de La Chaise (1624–1709), Father confessor of Louis XIV. |
| Louis-René de Caradeuc de La Chalotais (1701–1785), French jurist |
| Nivelle de La Chaussée (1692–1754), French dramatist |
| Karl Lachmann (1793–1851), German philologist and critic |
| James de la Cloche (1644?–1669), character who was brought into the history of England by Lord Acton |
| Charles-Marie de La Condamine (1701–1774), French geographer and mathematician |
| Henri-Dominique Lacordaire (1802–1861), French ecclesiastic and orator |
| Pierre-Louis de Lacretelle (1751–1824), French politician and writer |
| Alfred Lacroix (1863–1948), French mineralogist and geologist |
| Paul Lacroix (1806–1884), French author and journalist |
| Lactantius (c. 240–c. 320), Christian writer |
| Franz Moritz, Graf von Lacy (1725–1801), Austrian field marshal |
| Harriette Deborah Lacy (1807–1874), English actress |
| Michael Rophino Lacy (1795–1867), Irish musician |
| Lacydes of Cyrene (Third Century B.C.), Greek philosopher |
| George Trumbull Ladd (1842–1921), American philosopher |
| Saint Ladislas I. (1040–1095), King of Hungary |
| Ladislas IV. (1262–1290), King of Hungary |
| Ladislas V. (1440–1457), King of Hungary and Bohemia |
| Ladislaus (c. 1375–1414), King of Naples, surnamed “The Liberal and the Victorious” |
| Laelius, name of a Roman plebeian family |
| Laenas, name of a plebeian family in ancient Rome |
| Pieter van Laer (c. 1592–c. 1642), Dutch painter |
| Laevius (? c. 80 B.C.), Latin poet |
| John La Farge (1835–1910), American artist |
| Giuseppe La Farina (1815–1863), Italian author and politician |
| Gilbert Motier de La Fayette (1380–1462), Marshal of France |
| Louise de La Fayette (1616?–1665), French noble |
| Marquis de Lafayette (1757–1834), French noble |
| Madame de La Fayette (1634–1693), French novelist |
| Jacques Laffitte (1767–1844), French banker and politician |
| Pierre Laffitte (1823–1903), French Positivist |
| Jean and Pierre Lafitte (1780?–1826?), Two American buccaneers |
| Robert Marion La Follette (1855–1925), American politician |
| Pierre Chéri Lafont (1797–1873), French actor |
| Jean de La Fontaine (1621–1695), French poet |
| Sir Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine (1807–1864), Canadian statesman and judge |
| Charles de Lafosse (1640–1716), French painter |
| Paul de Lagarde (1827–1891), German biblical scholar and orientalist |
| Selma Lagerlöf (1858–1940), Swedish writer |
| Pierre de La Gorce (1846–1934), French historian |
| Joseph Louis Lagrange (1736–1813), French mathematician |
| Joseph de La Grange-Chancel (1677–1758), French dramatist and satirist |
| Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée (1724–1805), French painter |
| Gustave Bascle de Lagrèze (1811–1892), French justiciary and archæologist |
| Arthur Dubreuil-Hélion, Vicomte de La Guéronnière (1816–1875), French politician |
| Jean Henri Georges Laguerre (1858–1912), French lawyer and politician |
| Frédéric-César de La Harpe (1754–1838), Swiss patriot |
| Jean-François de La Harpe (1739–1803), French critic |
| Laurent de La Hire (1606–1656), French painter |
| William Laidlaw (1780–1845), friend and amanuensis of Sir Walter Scott |
| Diego Laínez (1512–1565), second general of the Society of Jesus |
| Alexander Gordon Laing (1793–1826), Scottish explorer |
| David Laing (1793–1878), Scottish antiquary |
| Malcolm Laing (1762–1818), Scottish historian |
| Samuel Laing (1812–1897), British author and railway administrator |
| Macgregor Laird (1808–1861), Scottish merchant, pioneer of British trade on the Niger |
| Laïs, name of two Greek courtesans |
| Charles Ange Laisant (1841–1920), French politician |
| Joseph Lakanal (1762–1845), French politician |
| Gerard, Viscount Lake (1744–1808), British general |
| Jacques de Lalaing (c. 1420–1453), Flemish knight |
| Joseph Jérôme Le Français de Lalande (1732–1807), French astronomer |
| Thomas-Arthur, Comte de Lally (1702–1766), French general |
| Édouard Lalo (1823–1892), French composer |
| Anne-César, Chevalier de La Luzerne (1741–1791), French soldier and diplomatist |
| Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar (1825–1893), American statesman and judge |
| Lamarck (1744–1829), French naturalist |
| Alfonso La Marmora (1804–1878), Italian general and statesman |
| Alphonse de Lamartine (1790–1869), French poet, historian and statesman |
| Charles Lamb (1775–1834), English essayist and critic |
| Martha Joanna Lamb (1829–1893), American author |
| Marie Thérèse Louise of Savoie-Carignan, Princesse de Lamballe (1749–1792), French noble |
| Jef Lambeaux (1852–1908), Belgian sculptor |
| Auguste Lambermont (1819–1905), Belgian statesman |
| Anne Thérèse de Marguenat de Courcelles, marquise de Lambert (1647–1733), Elegant moral writer |
| Daniel Lambert (1770–1809), Englishman famous for his great size |
| Francis Lambert (c. 1486–1530), Protestant reformer |
| Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728–1777), German physicist, mathematician and astronomer |
| John Lambert (d. 1538), English Protestant martyr |
| John Lambert (1619–1683), English general in the Great Rebellion |
| Lambert of Hersfeld (d. c. 1088), German chronicler |
| Denis Lambin (c. 1520–1572), French classical scholar |
| Lamech, biblical patriarch |
| Félicité Robert de Lamennais (1782–1854), French priest, and philosophical and political writer |
| Alexandre, Comte de Lameth (1760–1829), French soldier and politician |
| Julien Offray de Lamettrie (1709–1751), French physician and philosopher |
| Heinrich Lammasch (1853–1920), Austrian jurist and statesman |
| Lamoignon, French family |
| Johann von Lamont (1805–1879), Scottish-German astronomer and magnetician |
| Christophe Louis Léon Juchault de La Moricière (1806–1865), French general |
| François de La Mothe Le Vayer (1588–1672), French writer |
| Antoine Houdar de La Motte (1672–1731), French author |
| Friedrich, Baron de La Motte-Fouqué (1777–1843), German writer of the romantic movement |
| Charles Lamoureux (1834–1899), French conductor and violinist |
| House of Lancaster |
| Henry, Earl of Lancaster (c. 1281–1345), English noble |
| Sir James Lancaster (d. 1618), English navigator and statesman |
| Joseph Lancaster (1778–1838), English educationist |
| Thomas, Earl of Lancaster (c. 1277–1322), English noble |
| Rodolfo Amedeo Lanciani (1847–1929), Italian architect and archæologist |
| Nicolas Lancret (1690–1743), French painter |
| John Landen (1719–1790), English mathematician |
| Richard Lemon (1804–1834) and John (1807–1839) Lander, English explorers of the Niger |
| Charles Paul Landon (1760–1826), French painter and art-author |
| Letitia Elizabeth Landon (1802–1838), English poet and novelist |
| Walter Savage Landor (1775–1864), English writer |
| Sir Edwin Henry Landseer (1802–1873), English painter |
| Edward William Lane (1801–1876), English Arabic scholar |
| Franklin Knight Lane (1864–1921), American public official |
| George Martin Lane (1823–1897), American scholar |
| Sir Hugh Percy Lane (1875–1915), Irish art collector and critic |
| James Henry Lane (1814–1866), American soldier and politician |
| Joseph Lane (1801–1881), American soldier and statesman |
| Stanley Lane-Poole (1854–1931), English orientalist and author |
| Jean Marie Antoine de Lanessan (1843–1919), French statesman and naturalist |
| Lanfranc (1005?–1089), Archbishop of Canterbury |
| Giovanni Lanfranco (1582–1647), Italian artist |
| Pierre Lanfrey (1828–1877), French historian and politician |
| Andrew Lang (1844–1912), British man of letters |
| Cosmo Gordon Lang (1864–1945), Archbishop of York |
| Karl Heinrich von Lang (1764–1835), German historian |
| Gerard Langbaine (1656–1692), English author |
| Christopher Columbus Langdell (1826–1906), American jurist |
| John Langdon (1741–1819), American statesman |
| Anne Françoise Elizabeth Lange (1772–1816), French actress |
| Ernst Philipp Karl Lange (1813–1899), German novelist |
| Friedrich Albert Lange (1828–1875), German philosopher and sociologist |
| Johann Peter Lange (1802–1884), German Protestant theologian |
| Joseph Langen (1837–1901), German theologian |
| Bernhard von Langenbeck (1810–1887), German surgeon |
| Pieter Langendijk (1683–1756), Dutch poet and playwright |
| Simon Langham (d. 1376), Archbishop of Canterbury and Cardinal |
| John Langhorne (1735–1779), English poet and translator of Plutarch |
| Marian Langiewicz (1827–1887), Polish patriot |
| William Langland (1332?–1400?), English poet |
| Fernand de Langle de Cary (1849–1929), French general |
| Samuel Pierpont Langley (1834–1906), American physicist and astronomer |
| Hippolyte Langlois (1839–1912), French general |
| John Langton (d. 1337), Chancellor of England and Bishop of Chichester |
| Stephen Langton (d. 1228), Cardinal and Archbishop of Canterbury |
| Walter Langton (d. 1321), Bishop of Lichfield and treasurer of England |
| Lillie Langtry (1853–1929), English actress |
| Hubert Languet (1518–1581), French Huguenot writer and diplomat |
| Matthäus Lang von Wellenburg (1468–1540), German statesman and ecclesiastic |
| Sidney Lanier (1842–1881), American poet |
| Jean-Denis Lanjuinais (1753–1827), French politician |
| Sir Edwin Ray Lankester (1847–1929), English biologist |
| Charles Lanman (1819–1895), American author |
| Charles Rockwell Lanman (1850–1941), American Sanskrit scholar |
| Jean Lannes, duc of Montebello (1769–1809), Marshal of France |
| Ghillebert de Lannoy (1386–1462), Flemish diplomatist |
| François de La Noue (1531–1591), Huguenot captain |
| Charles Lanrezac (1852–1925), French soldier |
| George Lansbury (1859–1940), English Socialist |
| George Granville, Lord Lansdowne (1666–1735), English author |
| Henry Charles Keith Petty-FitzMaurice, Marquess of Lansdowne (1845–1927), British statesman |
| William Petty, Marquis of Lansdowne (1737–1805), British statesman |
| Robert Lansing (1864–1928), American diplomatist |
| Simon Mathurin Lantara (1729–1778), French landscape painter |
| Giovanni Lanza (1810–1882), Italian politician |
| Luigi Lanzi (1732–1810), Italian archæologist |
| Lâo-tsze, Founder of Tâoism |
| Jeanne Loiseau Lapauze (1860–1921), French poet and novelist |
| Jean-François de Galaup, Comte de La Pérouse (1741–1788), French navigator |
| Josué de La Place (1596?–1665), French Protestant divine |
| Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827), French mathematician and astronomer |
| Roland Laporte (1675–1704), Camisard leader |
| Albert de Lapparent (1839–1908), French geologist |
| Johann Martin Lappenberg (1794–1865), German historian |
| Victor de Laprade (1812–1883), French poet and critic |
| Charles Lapworth (1842–1920), English geologist |
| Pierre-Henri Larcher (1726–1812), French classical scholar and archæologist |
| Titus Larcius (fl. Fifth Century B.C.), early Roman |
| Lucy Larcom (1824–1893), American poetess |
| Dionysius Lardner (1793–1859), Irish scientific writer |
| Nathaniel Lardner (1684–1768), English theologian |
| Louis-Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux (1753–1824), French politician |
| Nicolas de Largillierre (1656–1746), French painter |
| Auguste de la Rive (1801–1873), Swiss physicist |
| Pierre de Larivey (c. 1540–1619), French dramatist, of Italian origin |
| Sophie von La Roche (1731–1807), German authoress |
| La Rochefoucauld, name of an old French family |
| François, duc de La Rochefoucauld (1613–1680), greatest maxim writer of France |
| François-Alexandre-Frédéric, Duc de La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt (1747–1827), French social reformer |
| de La Rochejacquelein, name of an ancient French family of La Vendée |
| Pierre Laromiguière (1756–1837), French philosopher |
| Mariano José de Larra (1809–1837), Spanish satirist |
| Édouard Lartet (1801–1871), French archæologist |
| Gervais de La Rue (1751–1835), French historical investigator |
| Marguerite de La Sablière (1640?–1693), friend and patron of La Fontaine |
| Antoine Charles Louis, Comte de Lasalle (1775–1809), French soldier |
| Jean Baptiste de Saint La Salle (1651–1719), founder of the order of Christian Brothers |
| Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle (1643–1687), French explorer in North America |
| Arnold von Lasaulx (1839–1886), German mineralogist and petrographer |
| Constantine Lascaris (1434–1501?), Greek scholar and grammarian |
| Janus Lascaris (c. 1445–1535), Greek scholar |
| Bartolomé de las Casas (1474–1566), “The Apostle of the Indies” |
| Emmanuel-Augustin-Dieudonné, Comte de Las Cases (1766–1842), French official |
| Eduard Lasker (1829–1884), German publicist |
| Laski, name of a noble and powerful Polish family |
| Ferdinand Lassalle (1825–1864), German socialist |
| Christian Lassen (1800–1876), German orientalist |
| Eduard Lassen (1830–1904), Belgian musical composer |
| Orlando di Lasso (1532–1594), Belgian musical composer |
| Lasus (fl. c. 510 B.C.), Greek lyric poet |
| Jean de La Taille (1533?–1611/2), French poet and dramatist |
| Robert Gordon Latham (1812–1888), English philologist and ethnologist |
| Francis Lathrop (1849–1909), American artist |
| George Parsons Lathrop (1851–1898), poet and prose-writer |
| Rose Hawthorne Lathrop (Mother Alphonsa) (1851–1926), American author
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