| Chrétien de Troyes (Twelfth Century), most famous of French medieval poets |
| Wilhelm von Christ (1831–1906), German classical scholar |
| Christian II. (1481–1559), King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden |
| Christian III. (1503–1559), King of Denmark and Norway |
| Christian IV. (1577–1648), King of Denmark and Norway |
| Christian V. (1646–1699), King of Denmark and Norway |
| Christian VII. (1749–1808), King of Denmark and Norway |
| Christian VIII. (1786–1848), King of Denmark and Norway |
| Christian IX. (1818–1906), King of Denmark |
| William Christian (1608–1663), Manx politician |
| Christian of Brunswick (1599–1626), Bishop of Halberstadt and a general during the earlier part of the Thirty Years’ War |
| Richard Copley Christie (1830–1901), English scholar and bibliophile |
| Christina (1626–1689), Queen of Sweden |
| Christine de Pisan (c. 1364–c. 1431), French poet, of Italian birth |
| Sir Robert Christison (1797–1882), Scottish toxicologist and physician |
| Christodorus (Sixth Century), Epic poet |
| Saint Christopher, patron saint of ferrymen |
| Christophorus (d. 904), Pope or antipope |
| Athanasios Christopoulos (1772–1847), Greek poet |
| Henry Christy (1810–1865), English ethnologist |
| Chrysanthius (Fourth Century), Greek philosopher |
| Chrysippus (c. 280–207/6 B.C.), Greek philosopher |
| Manuel Chrysoloras (c. 1350–1415), one of the pioneers in spreading Greek literature in the West |
| Saint John Chrysostom (c. 347–407), the most famous of the Greek Fathers |
| Charles Chubb (1779–1845), English locksmith |
| Thomas Chubb (1679–1747), English deist |
| Lady Mary Chudleigh (1656–1710), English author |
| Chu Hsi (1130–1200), Chinese philosopher and statesman |
| Chulalongkorn (1853–1910), King of Siam |
| Alfred John Church (1829–1912), English classical scholar |
| Frederic Edwin Church (1826–1900), American landscape painter |
| Sir Richard Church (1784–1873), British military officer and general in the Greek army |
| Richard William Church (1815–1890), English divine |
| Charles Churchill (1731–1764), English poet and satirist |
| Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill (1849–1895), English statesman |
| Winston Churchill (1871–1947), American writer |
| Winston Churchill (1874–1965), English statesman |
| Thomas Churchyard (c. 1520–1604), English author |
| Enrico Cialdini (1811–1892), Italian soldier, politician and diplomatist |
| Caius Gabriel Cibber (1630–1700), Danish sculptor |
| Colley Cibber (1671–1757), English actor and dramatist |
| Susannah Maria Arne Cibber (1714–1766), English actress of distinction |
| Theophilus Cibber (1703–1758), English actor and playwright |
| Luigi Cibrario (1802–1870), Italian statesman and historian |
| Marcus Tullius Cicero (106–43 B.C.), Roman orator and politician |
| Leopoldo Cicognara (1767–1834), Italian archæologist and writer on art |
| El Cid (c. 1043–1099), favourite hero of Spain |
| Carlo Cignani (1628–1719), Italian painter |
| Lodovico Cardi da Cigoli (1559–1613), Italian painter, architect and poet |
| Ulrich, Count of Cilli (1406–1456), Hungarian noble |
| Giovanni Cimabue (c. 1240–c. 1302), Italian painter |
| Giovanni Battista Cima da Conegliano (c. 1459/60–c. 1517/8), Venetian painter |
| Domenico Cimarosa (1749–1801), Italian musical composer |
| Serafino Ciminelli (1466–1500), Italian poet and improvisatore |
| Cimon (d. c. 450 B.C.), Athenian statesman and general |
| Cimon of Cleonae, early Greek painter |
| Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (c. 529–c. 430 B.C.), one of the heroes of early Rome |
| Cineas (Third Century B.C.), a Thessalian, the chief adviser of Pyrrhus, King of Epirus |
| Cinna, Roman patrician family of the gens Cornelia |
| Gaius Helvius Cinna (First Century B.C.), Roman poet of the later Ciceronian age |
| John Cinnamus (b. c. 1143), Byzantine historian |
| Cino da Pistoia (1270–1336?), Italian poet and jurist |
| Marquis de Cinq-Mars (1620–1642), French courtier |
| Giovanni Battista Cipriani (1727–1785), Italian painter and engraver |
| Domenico Cirillo (1739–1799), Italian physician and patriot |
| Ernest Courtot de Cissey (1810–1882), French general |
| Vincenzo Civerchio (c. 1470–1544), Italian painter |
| Gaius Julius Civilis (fl. First Century A.D.), leader of the Batavian revolt against Rome |
| Léon Cladel (1835–1892), French novelist |
| Horace Brigham Claflin (1811–1885), American merchant |
| William Claiborne (1600?–c. 1676), colonist |
| William Charles Cole Claiborne (1775–1817), Governor of Louisiana |
| Alexis Claude Clairaut (1713–1765), French mathematician |
| La Clairon (1723–1803), French actress |
| Ulick de Burgh, Earl of Clanricarde (d. 1544), Irish noble |
| Ulick de Burgh, Earl of Clanricarde (1604–1657), Irish noble |
| Sir Thomas Clanvowe (fl. 1400), English poet |
| René-Édouard Claparède (1832–1870), Swiss naturalist |
| Hugh Clapperton (1788–1827), Scottish traveller in West-Central Africa |
| Saint Clara (1194–1253), foundress of the Franciscan nuns |
| Clare, name of a famous English family |
| John Clare (1793–1864), English poet |
| John Fitzgibbon, Earl of Clare (1749–1802), Lord Chancellor of Ireland |
| Dukes of Clarence |
| Edward Hyde, Lord Clarendon (1609–1674), English historian and statesman |
| George William Frederick Villiers, Earl of Clarendon (1800–1870), English diplomatist and statesman |
| Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon (1638–1709), English statesman |
| Jules Claretie (1840–1913), French man of letters and director of the Théâtre Français |
| Giovanni Carlo Maria Clari (1677–1754), Italian musical composer |
| Abraham Clark (1726–1794), signer of the Declaration of Independence |
| Alvan Clark (1804–1887), American optician |
| Sir Andrew Clark (1826–1893), British physician |
| Champ Clark (1850–1921), American politician |
| Francis Edward Clark (1851–1927), American clergyman |
| George Rogers Clark (1752–1818), American frontier military leader |
| Sir James Clark (1788–1870), English physician |
| John Bates Clark (1847–1938), American economist |
| Jonas Clark (1730–1805), American patriot clergyman |
| Latimer Clark (1822–1898), English engineer and electrician |
| Thomas Clark (1801–1867), Scottish chemist |
| William George Clark (1821–1878), English classical and Shakespearian scholar |
| Adam Clarke (c. 1762–1832), British Nonconformist divine |
| Andrew Clarke (1824–1902), British soldier and administrator |
| Charles Cowden Clarke (1787–1877), English author and Shakespearian scholar |
| Sir Edward Clarke (1841–1931), English lawyer and politician |
| James Freeman Clarke (1810–1888), American preacher and author |
| John Clarke (1609–1676), American physician |
| John Sleeper Clarke (1833–1899), American actor |
| McDonald Clarke (1798–1842), the “Mad Poet,” |
| Marcus Andrew Hislop Clarke (1846–1881), Australian author |
| Mary Anne Thompson Clarke (1776–1852), mistress of Frederick, Duke of York |
| Samuel Clarke (1675–1729), English philosopher and divine |
| Thomas Shields Clarke (1860–1920), American artist |
| William Branwhite Clarke (1798–1878), British geologist |
| John Clarke-Whitfeld (1770–1836), English organist and composer |
| Thaddeus Stevens Clarkson (1840–1915), American soldier |
| Thomas Clarkson (1760–1846), English antislavery agitator |
| Johann Clauberg (1622–1665), German philosopher |
| Jean Claude (1619–1687), French Protestant divine |
| Antoine Claudet (1797–1867), French photographer |
| Claudian (c. 370–404), Latin epic poet and panegyrist |
| Claudius (10 B.C.–54 A.D.), Roman Emperor |
| Claudius, name of a famous Roman gens |
| Claudius II. (214–270), Roman Emperor |
| Matthias Claudius (1740–1815), German poet |
| George Clausen (1852–1944), English painter |
| Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831), Prussian general and military writer |
| Rudolf Clausius (1822–1888), German physicist |
| Bertrand, Comte Clauzel (1772–1842), Marshal of France |
| Étienne Clavière (1735–1793), French financier and politician |
| José Clavijo y Fajardo (1730–1806), Spanish publicist |
| Cassius Marcellus Clay (1810–1903), American politician |
| Charles Clay (1801–1893), English surgeon |
| Frederic Clay (1838–1889), English musical composer |
| Henry Clay (1777–1852), American statesman and orator |
| Paul-Jean Clays (1819–1900), Belgian artist |
| John Middleton Clayton (1796–1856), American politician |
| Moses Cleaveland (1754–1806), American general and pioneer |
| Cleisthenes (c. 570–508 B.C.), Athenian statesman |
| Cleitarchus, one of the historians of Alexander the Great |
| Cleanthes (331–232 B.C.), Stoic philosopher |
| Clearchus (Fifth Century B.C.), Greek commander |
| William Cleland (1661?–1689), Scottish poet and soldier |
| Georges Clemenceau (1841–1929), French statesman |
| Diego Clemencín (1765–1834), Spanish scholar and politician |
| Jeremiah Clemens (1814–1865), American statesman |
| Clement, name of fourteen popes and two antipopes |
| Saint Clement of Alexandria (c. 150–c. 215), Greek Father of the Church |
| François Clément (1714–1793), French historian |
| Jacques Clément (c. 1567–1589), murderer of the French King Henry III. |
| Muzio Clementi (1752–1832), Italian pianist and composer |
| Nicolas Clénard (1493/4–1542), Belgian grammarian and traveller |
| Cleobulus (fl. Sixth Century B.C.), one of the Seven Sages of Greece |
| Cleomedes, Greek writer on astronomy |
| Cleomenes, name of three Spartan kings of the Agiad line |
| Cleon (d. 422 B.C.), Athenian politician during the Peloponnesian War |
| Cleopatra (69–30 B.C.), Queen of Egypt |
| Laurent Clerc (1785–1869), French educator |
| François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt (1733–1798), Austrian field marshal |
| John Clerk (1728–1812), Scottish naval tactician and writer on naval tactics |
| Agnes Mary Clerke (1842–1907), English astronomer and scientific writer |
| Charles Clermont-Ganneau (1846–1923), French orientalist |
| Clermont-Tonnerre, name of a French family |
| Stanislas, Comte de Clermont-Tonnerre (1757–1792), French politician |
| Cletus, formerly regarded as the name of one of the early successors of St. Peter |
| Barbara Villiers Palmer, Duchess of Cleveland (1641–1709), mistress of the English King Charles II. |
| Grover Cleveland (1837–1908), President of the United States |
| John Cleveland (1613–1658), English poet and satirist |
| Josse van Clichtove (d. 1543), Belgian theologian |
| Clifford, name of a famous English family and barony |
| John Clifford (1836–1923), British Nonconformist divine |
| Lucy Clifford (1846–1929), English novelist |
| Nathan Clifford (1803–1881), American jurist |
| William Kingdon Clifford (1845–1879), English mathematician and philosopher |
| Thomas Clifford, Baron Clifford of Chudleigh (1630–1673), English Lord Treasurer |
| John Climax (c. 525–600), ascetic and mystic |
| Justin Clinchant (1820–1881), French soldier |
| DeWitt Clinton (1769–1828), American political leader |
| George Clinton (1739–1812), American soldier and political leader |
| Sir Henry Clinton (c. 1738–1795), British general |
| Henry Fynes Clinton (1781–1852), British classical scholar and chronologist |
| Olivier de Clisson (1336–1407), French soldier |
| Clitomachus (Second Century B.C.), Greek philosopher |
| Caroline Clive (1801–1873), English author |
| Catherine Clive (1711–1785), British actress |
| Lord Clive (1725–1774), the statesman and general who founded the empire of British India |
| Edward Clodd (1840–1930), English anthropologist |
| Clodion (1738–1814), French sculptor |
| Publius Clodius (c. 93–52 B.C.), Roman politician |
| Anacharsis Cloots (1755–1794), noteworthy figure in the French Revolution |
| Maxwell Henry Close (1822–1903), Irish geologist |
| Clotaire, name of four Frankish kings |
| Antoine Barthélemy Clot-Bey (1793–1868), French physician |
| Saint Clotilda (475?–545), Queen of the Salian Franks |
| François Clouet (d. 1572), French miniature painter |
| Jean Clouet (d. c. 1541), French miniature painter |
| Giulio Clovio (1498–1578), Italian painter |
| Clovis (c. 466–511), King of the Salian Franks |
| Anne Jemima Clough (1820–1892), English educationalist |
| Arthur Hugh Clough (1819–1861), English poet |
| Aulus Cluentius Habitus (fl. First Century B.C.), the hero of a Roman cause célèbre |
| Gustave Paul Cluseret (1823–1900), French soldier and politician |
| Philipp Clüver (1580–1622), German geographer and historian |
| Colin Campbell, Baron Clyde (1792–1863), British soldier |
| George Clymer (1739–1813), American statesman |
| John Robert Clynes (1869–1949), English politician |
| Titus Coan (1801–1882), American missionary to Hawaii |
| Coats, name of a Scottish family |
| Cyrus Cobb (1834–1903), American polymath |
| Darius Cobb (1834–1919), American artist |
| Henry Ives Cobb (1859–1931), American architect |
| Howell Cobb (1815–1868), American political leader |
| Sylvanus Cobb (1798–1866), American Universalist clergyman |
| Sylvanus Cobb (1823–1887), American author |
| Frances Power Cobbe (1822–1904), English writer and leader in reform movements |
| William Cobbett (1763–1835), English politician and writer |
| Thomas Spencer Cobbold (1828–1886), English man of science |
| Richard Cobden (1804–1865), English manufacturer and Radical politician |
| Carel Gabriel Cobet (1813–1889), Dutch classical scholar |
| Johannes Coccejus (1603–1669), Dutch theologian |
| Adolphe Cochery (1819–1900), French statesman |
| Denys Cochin (1851–1922), French politician |
| Johannes Cochlaeus (1479–1552), German humanist and controversialist |
| Edward Cock (1805–1892), British surgeon |
| Hieronymous Cock (1510–1570), Flemish painter and engraver |
| Sir Alexander James Edmund Cockburn (1802–1880), Lord Chief Justice of England |
| Alison Rutherford Cockburn (1712–1794), Scottish poet |
| Sir George Cockburn (1772–1853), British admiral |
| Lord Cockburn (1779–1854), Scottish judge |
| Edward Cocker (1631–1675), reputed author of the famous Arithmetick |
| Charles Robert Cockerell (1788–1863), British architect |
| William Cockerill (1759?–1832), Anglo-French inventor and machinist |
| James Cockle (1819–1895), English lawyer and mathematician |
| Henry Cockton (1807–1853), English humorous novelist |
| George Codinus, reputed author of three extant works in Byzantine literature |
| Christopher Codrington (1668–1710), British soldier and colonial governor |
| Sir Edward Codrington (1770–1851), British admiral |
| Codrus, in Greek legend, the last King of Athens |
| Nicolas Coeffeteau (1574–1623), French theologian, poet and historian |
| Menno, Baron van Coehoorn (1634–1704), Dutch soldier and military engineer |
| Antonio Coello (1611–1652), Spanish dramatist and poet |
| Jan Pieterszoon Coen (1587–1629), fourth governor-general of the Dutch East Indies |
| Cœnwulf (d. 821), King of Mercia |
| Jacques Cœur (c. 1395–1456), founder of the trade between France and the Levant |
| Charles Francis Coghlan (1841?–1899), Irish actor |
| Ferdinand Cohn (1828–1898), German botanist |
| Gustav Cohn (1840–1919), German economist |
| Sir Edward Coke (1552–1634), English lawyer |
| Sir John Coke (1563–1644), English politician |
| Thomas Coke (1747–1814), English divine |
| Thomas William Coke (1754–1842), English agriculturist |
| Napoleone Colajanni (1847–1921), Italian author and politician |
| Jean Baptiste Colbert (1619–1683), French statesman |
| Charles, Marquis Colbert de Croissy (1629–1696), French diplomatist |
| Sir John Colborne (1778–1863), British field marshal |
| Henry Colburn (d. 1855), British publisher |
| Zerah Colburn (1804–1840), American mathematical prodigy |
| Bainbridge Colby (1869–1950), American politician |
| Cadwallader Colden (1688–1776), American physician and colonial official |
| Sir Henry Cole (1808–1882), English civil servant |
| Thomas Cole (1801–1848), American landscape painter |
| Timothy Cole (1852–1931), American wood engraver |
| Vicat Cole (1833–1893), English painter |
| Henry Thomas Colebrooke (1765–1837), English orientalist |
| John William Colenso (1814–1883), English Bishop of Natal |
| John, Baron Colepeper (d. 1660), English politician |
| John Duke, Baron Coleridge (1820–1894), Lord Chief Justice of England |
| Hartley Coleridge (1796–1849), English man of letters |
| Sir John Taylor Coleridge (1790–1876), English judge |
| Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772–1834), English poet and philosopher |
| Sara Coleridge (1802–1852), English author |
| Samuel Coleridge-Taylor (1875–1912), British musical composer |
| John Colet (1467?–1519), English divine and educationist |
| Louise Colet (1810–1876), French poet and novelist |
| Schuyler Colfax (1823–1885), American political leader |
| Gaspard de Coligny (1519–1572), Admiral of France and Protestant leader |
| Alexandre Colin (c. 1527–1612), Flemish sculptor |
| Colin Muset (fl. 1200), French trouvère, poet and musician |
| Hans Collaert (d. c. 1581), Flemish engraver |
| Thomas Edward Collcutt (1840–1924), English architect |
| Charles Collé (1709–1783), French dramatist and song-writer |
| Raffaellino del Colle (c. 1490–1566), Italian painter |
| Bartolomeo Colleoni (1400–1475), Italian soldier of fortune |
| Pietro Colletta (1775–1831), Neapolitan general and historian |
| Sir George Pomeroy Colley (1835–1881), British general |
| Arthur Collier (1680–1732), English philosopher |
| Jeremy Collier (1650–1726), English nonjuring divine |
| John Payne Collier (1789–1883), English Shakespearian critic |
| Price Collier (1860–1913), American writer |
| Heinrich Joseph von Collin (1772–1811), Austrian dramatist |
| Jean François Collin d’Harleville (1755–1806), French dramatist |
| Robert (1749–1820) and Charles (1751–1836) Colling, English stock breeders |
| Jesse Collings (1831–1920), British politician |
| Cuthbert, Baron Collingwood (1750–1810), British naval commander |
| Anthony Collins (1676–1729), English deist |
| John Churton Collins (1848–1908), English literary critic |
| Mortimer Collins (1827–1876), English writer |
| Richard Henn Collins (1842—1911), English jurist and lord of appeal |
| William Collins (1721–1759), English poet |
| William Collins (1788–1847), English painter |
| William Wilkie Collins (1824–1889), English novelist |
| Hermann Collitz (1855–1935), German philologist |
| Jean-Marie Collot d’Herbois (1750–1796), French revolutionist |
| Colluthus of Lycopolis (fl. Fifth–Sixth Century), Greek epic poet |
| Robert Collyer (1823–1912), American Unitarian clergyman |
| Saint Colman (d. 676), Bishop of Lindisfarne |
| George Colman the Elder (1732–1794), English dramatist and essayist |
| George Colman the Younger (1762–1836), English dramatist and miscellaneous writer |
| Samuel Colman (1832–1920), American landscape painter |
| Coloman (1070–1116), King of Hungary |
| Philip Howard Colomb (1831–1899), British vice-admiral, historian, critic and inventor |
| Colonna, noble Roman family |
| Giovanni Paolo Colonna (1637–1695), Italian musician |
| Vittoria Colonna (1492–1547), Italian poet |
| Archibald Ross Colquhoun (1848–1914), British civil engineer and colonial commissioner |
| Edward Colston (1636–1721), English philanthropist |
| Samuel Colt (1814–1862), American inventor |
| Calvin Colton (1789–1857), American clergyman |
| Walter Colton (1797–1851), Naval chaplain and author |
| Saint Columba (521–597), Irish saint |
| Saint Columban (543–615), Irish saint and writer |
| Placido Columbani (b. 1744?), Italian architectural designer |
| Christopher Columbus (c. 1451–1506), explorer |
| Columella (4–70), writer on agriculture |
| John Colville (1542?–1605), Scottish divine and author |
| John Russell Colvin (1807–1857), Lieutenant-governor of the North-West Provinces of India |
| Sir Sidney Colvin (1845–1927), English literary and art critic |
| Andrew Combe (1797–1847), Scottish physiologist |
| George Combe (1788–1858), Scottish phrenologist |
| William Combe (1742–1823), English writer |
| Stapleton Cotton, Viscount Combermere (1773–1865), British field-marshal |
| Émile Combes (1835–1921), French statesman |
| Leslie Combs (1793–1881), American soldier |
| Johann Amos Comenius (1592–1670), famous writer on education |
| Philippe de Commines (c. 1447–1511), French historian, called the father of modern history |
| Commodianus (fl. c. 250), Christian Latin poet |
| Commodus (161–192), Emperor of Rome |
| Anna Comnena (1083–1153), first woman historian |
| Comnenus, name of a Byzantine family |
| Ignacio Comonfort (1812–1863), Mexican soldier and politician |
| Domenico Comparetti (1835–1927), Italian scholar |
| Gabriel Compayré (1843–1913), French educationalist |
| Henry Compton (1632–1713), English divine |
| Auguste Comte (1798–1857), French Positive philosopher |
| John Comyn (d. c. 1300), Scottish baron |
| Thomas Jefferson Conant (1802–1891), American biblical scholar |
| Sebastiano Conca (1680–1764), Italian painter of the Florentine school |
| Concino Concini (c. 1575–1617), Italian adventurer, minister of King Louis XIII. of France |
| Princes of Condé |
| Louis, Prince de Condé (1530–1569), French soldier |
| Louis II., Prince de Condé (1621–1686), French soldier |
| José Antonio Conde (1766–1820), Spanish orientalist |
| Charles Edward Conder (1868–1909), English artist |
| Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (1714–1780), French philosopher |
| Jean-Antoine-Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet (1743–1794), French mathematician, philosopher and Revolutionist |
| Thomas Conecte (d. 1433), French Carmelite monk and preacher |
| Federico Confalonieri (1785–1846), Italian revolutionist |
| Confucius (551–479 B.C.), the famous sage of China
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