Forms: 1 tíd (tiid), týd, 2–5 tid, 2–7 tyd, 3–7 tyde, (5 tyyde, tiid), 3– tide. [OE. tíd = OS. tîd (MLG., LG. tît, Du. tijd), OHG. zît (zîd), MHG. zít (Ger. zeit), ON. tíð (Sw., Da. tid):—OTeut. *tî-d-iz, referred by some to a root *tî- to extend (whence also TIME). See also note under branch II.]
I. Time.
† 1. A portion, extent, or space of time; an age, a season, a time, a while: = TIME sb. 1–3. Obs. (or ? dial.)
Beowulf, 147. Wæs sco hwil micel, xii wintra tid torn ʓeþolode.
a. 900. trans. Bæda’s Hist., V. xiii. [xii.] (1890), 432. Þa ic sume tid fram ðe ʓewat.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Mark ix. 21. Huu miceles vel longes tides.
971. Blickl. Hom., 125. Uncuþ bið æʓhwylcum anum men his lifes tid.
c. 1000. Ags. Gosp., Mark ix. 21. Hu lang tid is syððan him þis ʓebyrede?
c. 1000. Ælfric, Hom., I. 312. Þreo tida sind on ðysre worulde: an is seo ðe wæs butan æ;… seo ðridde is nu æfter Cristes to-cyme. [Cf. c. 1175 Lamb. Hom., 89.]
a. 1300. Cursor M., 391 (Cott.). Bath ware made sun and mon,… In takening o tides to stand, Dais and yeirs.
c. 1400. Destr. Troy, 1974. And þou tary in þis towne, or any tide lenge.
c. 1412. Hoccleve, De Reg. Princ., 847. I mote … suffre storm after þe mery tyde.
c. 1450. Cov. Myst., v. (Shaks. Soc.), 50. I come aȝen withinne a tyde.
a. 1529. Skelton, Poems agst. Garnesche, iv. 162. Stop a tyd, and be welle ware.
1590. Spenser, F. Q., I. ii. 29. There they alight … and rest their weary limbs a lide.
1603. Philotus, lxxvii. Prouyde Ane Pages claithis in the meine tyde.
1791. J. Learmont, Poems, 331 (E.D.D.). I wiss that tide had been a lang lang year.
1871. Waddell, Ps. xxxi. 15. My tides are a’ i’ yer han’.
12. spec. = HOUR 1. Obs.
a. 900. O. E. Chron., an. 879. Þy ilcan ʓeare aþiestrode sio sunne ane tid dæʓes.
a. 900. O. E. Martyrol., 30 June, 110. Þonne se monoð byð ʓeendod þe we nemnað se ærra lyða, þonne byð seo niht six tyda lang ond se dæʓ eahtatyne tyda lang.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Hom., II. 388. An wæcce hæfd þreo tida; feower wæccan ʓefyllað twelf tida.
c. 1050. Byrhtferth’s Handboc, in Anglia (1885), VIII. 298. Ðæt ʓer byð ʓesett on þrim hund daʓum & fif & syxtiʓum daʓum & syx tidum.
a. 1200. Moral Ode, 132 (Lamb. MS.). Herde he bon þer enne dei oðer twa bare tide nolde he for al middenerd þe þerdde þer abiden.
c. 1290. S. Eng. Leg., I. 408/223. Huy stoden and bi-heolden sein Iohan longue, þre tidene and more.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 14193 (Cott.). Ten tides [F. oures] has þe dai and tua.
c. 1430. R. Gloucester’s Chron. (Rolls), App. BB. 3. Þe foure & twenti tydes [v.r. houres] in day & in þe nyȝt … he dyȝte folwel & riȝt Mid þreo grete kandlen Tó berne eite tides [v.r. houres].
3. A point in the duration of the day, month, or year, of human life, or of other natural (or, later, artificial) period; in reference to an action or repetition = occasion: = TIME sb. 13, 14. arch. or poet.
c. 897. K. Ælfred, Gregory’s Past. C., xvii. 120. Ðonne cymð his hlaford … on ða tiid ðæt he hiene ær nat. Ibid., xlvii. 356. Aworpen mon bið a unnyt … & on ælce tid saweð wrohte.
971. Blickl. Hom., 21. Þæt leoht on nanre tide ne ablinneþ.
c. 1205. Lay., 14924. Hit ilomp an are tide heo nom hire to ræde.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 5733 (Cott.). Þe flok he fedd opon a tid, Bi a wildrin wod side.
c. 1385. Chaucer, L. G. W., 783 (Thisbe). Ffor to mete in on place at on tyde.
a. 1400. Pistill of Susan, 149. Such toret and teone takeþ me þis tyde.
a. 1425. Cursor M., 5874 (Trin.). To stonde lete ȝe hem not bide As ȝe han done mony a tyde.
a. 1529. Skelton, El. Rummyng, 155. Such a lewde sorte To Elynour resorte From tyde to tyde.
c. 1586. C’tess Pembroke, Ps. (1823), CXLIV. v. My closett where I wont to hide in troublous tyde.
a. 1605. Polwart, Flyting w. Montgomerie, 470. At that tyd [ane after midnight] was na time for trumpers to tarie.
1635. R. Johnson, Hist. Tom a Lincolne (1828), 106. Which ship had beene seven yeares upon the sea … and before this tyde could never see land.
1805. Wordsw., Elegiac Verses on J. Wordsw., vi. But we will see it—joyful tide! Some day … The mountain will we cross.
1868. Morris, Earthly Par., Man born to be King, 1272. He, who, from ill death Saved me that tide.
b. A suitable, favorable, or proper time or occasion; opportune, fit, or due time; season; opportunity: = TIME sb. 16. arch. Cf. TID sb.1
c. 888. K. Ælfred, Boeth., xxix. § 2. Se ðe his ær tide ne tiolað, þonne bið his on tid untilad. Ibid. (c. 897), Gregory’s Past. C., xxxviii. 274. Hwilum sie spræce tiid, hwilum swiʓʓean.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., Matt. xxiv. 45. Þætte he sella him mett in tid.
c. 1060. Charter of Eadweard, in Kemble, Cod. Dipl., IV. 212. Alle þingen ða ðar upaspringeð, inne tyd and ut of tid.
c. 1330. R. Brunne, Chron. (1810), 164. Bi Cipres side Isaac to aspie, If he toke any tide out of lond to flie.
c. 1430. Brut, 439. Whanne tyde of passage come, thei toke the see, and passid ouyr.
1590. Spenser, F. Q., III. ix. 32. Then Paridell,… glad of so fitte tide Him to commend to her, thus spake.
1657. M. Lawrence, Use & Pract. Faith, 147. The foolish virgins lost their tide: the wise had much ado to gain it.
1887. Morris, Odyssey, IX. 131. For the land is nothing evil, but would bear all things in tide.
† c. Appointed or fixed time: = TIME sb. 15. Obs.
a. 900. trans. Bæda’s Hist., III. xiv. [xix.] (1890), 210. Waciað ʓe, forðon þe ʓe ne weoton ne ðone dæʓ ne ða tide. Ibid., IV. iii. 262. Þa cwom his tid, þæt he scolde of middanʓearde to Drihtne feran.
c. 950. Lindisf. Gosp., John ii. 4. & cueð to him se hælend … ne ðaʓet vel cuom tid min.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 21511 (Cott.). Þe Iuu him spedd til-ward his tide, Ouer term durst he noght bide.
a. 1436. Domesday Ipswich, v. in Blk. Bk. Admiralty (Rolls), II. 31. Att tide and hour and tyme, that is to wetyn with ynne the xv. day … that he plete to his aduersarye.
† 4. Any definite time in the course of the day; as EVENTIDE, MORROW-TIDE, NOON-TIDE, q.v.; spec. the point at which any hour is completed; as ‘at the tenth tide of the day’; = HOUR 3. Obs.
Beowulf, 484 [see MORN-TIDE].
a. 900. trans. Bæda’s Hist., III. xix. [xxvii.] (1890), 240. Ymb þa teoʓðan tid dæʓes.
1056–66. Inscr. on Dial Kirkdale Ch., Yorks. Þis is dæʓes sol merca æt ilcum tide.
c. 1160. Hatton Gosp., John i. 39. Hyt wæs þa seo teoðe tyd.
a. 1300. Cursor M., 19810 (Edin.). Apon a dai at tide of none, An angel come and stode him bi.
1391. Chaucer, Astrol., II. § 15. Thanne wol the point of thi label sit[t]en in the bordure, vp-on the verrey tid of the day.
1493. Festivall (W. de W., 1515), 7. He hyred people to labour by all the tydes of the day.
1903. Westm. Gaz., 10 June, 2/3. I go to you at gloaming-tide.
b. A more or less definite point or season in the course of the year, of life, etc., usually defined by a prefixed word; as April-tide, June-tide; New-Year’s tide, summer’s tide, winter’s tide, etc.; also AUTUMN-TIDE, SPRING-TIDE, SUMMER-TIDE, WINTER-TIDE, etc. q.v.: = TIME sb. 13 b. arch. or poet.
a. 900. trans. Bæda’s Hist., IV. xxix. [xxviii.] (1890), 366. Þa ne com ðær næniʓ grownes up ne wæstm, ne furðum brordes oð sumeres tid.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Hom., I. 444. Swa swa on lengctenlicere tide, rosena blostman and lilian hi ymtrymedon.
c. 1122. O. E. Chron., an. 1006. In þære midde wintres tide.
1541. Rutland MSS. (1905), IV. 312. For bryngyng a bore at Newe Yere tide, ij s. iiij d.
1556–1840. New year’s tide [see NEW-YEAR 3 b].
1870. Morris, Earthly Par., I. I. 307. When April-tide was melting into May.
1872. Tennyson, Last Tourn., 241. High over all the yellowing Autumn-tide.
1900. Westm. Gaz., 3 July, 2/3. The green woods under the Junetide skies Slope and gleam to the Solent strand. Ibid. (1902), 20 March, 9/1. The profits at Coronation-tide are expected to be heavy.
† 5. Each of the seven canonical hours; also, the services recited at these; = HOUR 5. Obs.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Colloq., in Wr.-Wülcker, 90/6. Ic sincge ælce dæʓ seofon tida. Ibid. (c. 1000), Saints’ Lives, xxxiii. 344. Nu wille ic þæt þu … singe þær þine tida.
1028–60. Laws Northumbr. Priests, § 36. ʓif preost on ʓesetne timan tida ne ringe oððe tida ne singe, ʓebete þæt.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 215. Þane hit time beð to done þe tiden.
a. 1225. Ancr. R. 22. Et þreo tiden siggeð Credo mit te Pater Noster, biuoren Uhtsong & efter Prime, & efter Cumpelie. Ibid., 44. Toward te preostes tiden herkneð se wel ȝe muwen.
1297. R. Glouc. (Rolls), 7605. Vor him ne ssolde no day abide Þat he ne hurde masse & matines & euesong & ech tide.
13[?]. Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS., xxxvii. 767. Atome þou maiȝt ful wel abyde Til he haue seid þe laste tyde.
c. 1400. [see HOUR 5].
1557. in 10th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., App. V. 386. The said Wardayn … shall dayly saye or singe … in the quere the tydes or houres, as tercio, sexto and nono.
6. An anniversary or festival of the church: chiefly in the names of holy seasons or saints’ days, e.g., † St. Andrew’s tide, † Saint Botulf’s tide. See also ALL-HALLOW-TIDE, CHRIST-TIDE, EASTER-TIDE, LAMMAS-TIDE, SHROVETIDE, WHITSUNTIDE, HIGH-TIDE, HOLY TIDE, etc.
a. 900. O. E. Chron., an. 759. Her Bregowine was to ercebisc ʓehadod to Sce Michaeles tide.
a. 900. O. E. Martyrol., 18 May, 84. On þone eahtateoʓðan dæʓ þæs monðes bið sancte Johannes tid.
c. 1050. Byrhtferth’s Handboc, in Anglia (1885), VIII. 300. Fram easter tide þæt he eft cume.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 3. To dai is cumen ðe holie tid þat me clepeð aduent.
c. 1200. Ormin, 8895. Att þe Passkemessedaȝȝ … þe boc hemm tahhte To frellsenn þær þat heȝhe tid.
1297. R. Glouc. (Rolls), 10877. Sir edward ibore was A seint botulfes tid.
c. 1400. Brut, cxxxix. 146. Þe sege endurede fro Michelmasse vnto Seynt Andrewus tyde.
c. 1568. Ascham, Scholem., I. (Arb.), 36. In a fair garden about S. Iames tyde.
1595. Shaks., John, III. i. 86. What hath this day deseru’d … That it in golden letters should be set Among the high tides in the Kalendar?
1611, 1615. Michaels-tide, Michael-tide [see MICHAEL 2].
1817–8. Cobbett, Resid. U.S. (1822), 121. The country people, in England, go, to this day,… by the tides; and, in some cases, by the moveable tides. My gardener … very reluctantly obeyed me … in sowing green Kale … because Whitsuntide was not come, and that, he said, was the proper season.
1839. J. H. Newman, Par. Serm., IV. xxiii. 385. Feast-day and fast-day, holy tide and other tide.
1903. E. K. Chambers, Mediæv. Stage, I. i. 16. Holy week, and similar solemn tides.
b. dial. A village ‘feast’ or fair (taking place on the festival of the patron saint of the parish).
1824. [see tide-time in 15 a].
1828. Craven Gloss., Tide, a feast; as Bingley tide.
1863. Mrs. Toogood, Yorks. Dial. (MS.), Boistall-tide will be next week.
1865. R. Hunt, Pop. Rom. W. Eng., Ser. I. (1871), 62. The strongest beer, which was intended to have been kept for a tide.
1884. Lett. to Editor. The Annual General Holiday at Bingley, Yorks, is still called ‘Bingley Tide.’
II. Tide of the sea.
[This sense corresponds exactly to MLG. getîde neut., tîde tie, neut. and fem., LG. tīde, MDu. ghetîde neut., early mod.Du. tijde, Du. tij neut., ‘tide of the sea,’ a particular application of MLG. getîde, ‘fixed time, time of prayer, proper time, opportunity, space of time.’ OE. had no form corresp. to getîde (using for ‘tide’ (of the sea) flód or flód and ebba); and tíd or tide in this sense is not known before 1340; it may have been then introduced from or used after the MLG. word; but as ME. tide had neither the difference of form nor of gender seen in de tît and dat tîde, actual formal evidence of the borrowing is wanting. There may have been a transference of sense in Eng. itself, as well as in LG. The following two early examples appear to mean ‘the time of high water,’ rather than the flood tide itself, or the phenomenon of the tides:
c. 1340. Richard Rolle of Hampole, Prick of Conscience, 1215. For þe se, aftir þe tydes certayn, Ebbes and flowes, and falles agayn.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Man of Law’s T., 1036. Fro day to nyght it changeth as the tyde.]
7. The flowing or swelling of the sea, or its alternate rising and falling, twice in each lunar day, due to the attraction of the moon and, in a less degree, of the sun; the alternate inflow and outflow produced by this on a coast, the flood and ebb.
c. 1435. Torr. Portugal, 1430. I Rede, we take down sayle & Rowe, While we haue this tyde.
1530. Palsgr., 281/1. Tyde of the see, flet, flote.
1563. Golding, Cæsar, III. (1565), 72. There was no comming to theym on foote, by reason of the rysyng of the tydes.
1590. Shaks., Com. Err., IV. i. 46. Both winde and tide stayes for this Gentleman. Ibid. (1593), Lucr., 1667. As through an Arch the violent roaring tide outruns the eye. Ibid. (1599), Hen. V., II. iii. 14. Iust betweene Twelue and One, eu’n at the turning o’ th’ Tyde.
1698. Keill, Exam. Th. Earth (1734), 161. It is certain, that a Comet, when it passed by the Earth, would raise a very strong and prodigious Tide in the Seas that were then on the Surface.
1816. Playfair, Nat. Phil., II. 326. The alternate rise and fall of the surface of the sea twice in the course of a lunar day, or of 24h 50m 48sec of mean solar time, is the phenomenon known by the name of the Tides.
1831. Fr. A. Kemble, Lett., in Rec. Girlhood, II. viii. 237. The tide had not yet come in.
b. In phrases (chiefly technical), as cross tide, a tide running across the direction of another; high tide, (a) = HIGH WATER; (b) = SPRING TIDE; low tide = LOW WATER; leeward, neap, windward tide: see the defining words; also FLOOD-TIDE, SPRING TIDE, HALF-TIDE. Also in fig. uses.
1627. Capt. Smith, Seaman’s Gram., x. 47. You say as well tide of ebbe, as tide of flood, or a windward Tide when the Tide runnes against the wind, as a Lee-warde Tide,… when the wind and the Tide goeth both one way.
1675. Temple, Lett. to Sir J. Williamson, Wks. 1731, II. 336. I chose this Conveyance by the Captain of the Yacht, as both surer and speedier too, if not hindred by cross Tides in the River.
1745. P. Thomas, Jrnl. Anson’s Voy., 120. There having been two or three high Tides before we had finished, we found [etc.].
1867. Smyth, Sailor’s Word-bk., Cross-tide, the varying directions of the flow amongst shoals that are under water.
1875. Bedford, Sailor’s Pocket Bk., v. (ed. 2), 172. In the English Channel … it is ebb tide in the harbours, while the eastern, or flood stream is still running up, forming what is known to Pilots as ‘Tide and half Tide.’
fig. 1579. W. Wilkinson, Confut. Familye of Love, 57 b. When … his high tyde of vpright fredome [shall] become to a falling water.
a. 1700. B. E., Dict. Cant. Crew, High Tide, when the Pocket is full of Money. Ibid., Low Tide, when there’s no Money in a Man’s Pocket.
1856. Emerson, Eng. Traits, Relig., Wks. (Bohn), II. 98. Plenitudes of Divine Presence, by which high tides are caused in the human spirit.
c. transf. A recurrent flow, alternate rise and fall or increase and decrease, other than of the sea. Acid tide, a temporary increase of acidity of the urine while fasting; alkaline tide, a corresponding decrease of acidity during digestion.
1604. E. G[rimstone], D’Acosta’s Hist. Indies, II. xiii. 113. The return of the same windes, which otherwise they call the tide or winde of the sea.
1610. Holland, Camden’s Brit. (1637), 558. A wonderfull Well … which ordinarily ebbeth and noweth foure times in the space of one houre or thereabout, keeping his just Tides.
1786–7. Bonnycastle, Astron., viii. 138. The aerial tides must be much more considerable than those of the ocean.
1822–34. Good’s Study Med. (ed. 4), I. 676. There are two tides or fluxes [of fever] within the twenty-four hours, the one occurs in the morning, the other in the evening. Ibid., IV. 304. A fresh tide of water will not unfrequently accumulate, and the head become as much distended as before.
1856. Bryant, Earth, 14. Swayed by the sweeping of the tides of air.
1897. Allbutt’s Syst. Med., IV. 293. This increased excretion is most marked during the alkaline tide.
8. The space of time between two successive points of high water, or between low water and high water, in the sea; also, that portion of this time during which the height of the water (‘state of the tide’) allows of work being done, as in tide’s work: see quot. 1867. So, in Mining, a period of twelve hours (Cassell’s Encycl. Dict., 1888).
1495. Act 11 Hen. VII., c. 22 § 1. A Calker laboring by the tyde, for as longe tyme as he may labour above the Water and beneth the Water, shall not excede for his Wages for every tyde iiij d.
1534. Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot., VI. 234. Payit … to xv men to cast the space of xy tydis about the schip, viij d. the man for ilk tyde.
1724. De Foe, Mem. Cavalier (1840), 28. [They] might … come by sea in two tides.
1758. J. Blake, Plan Mar. Syst., 63. A ship going into dock for a tide or two to clean.
1793. Smeaton, Edystone L., § 175. We … landed, and got a tide’s work of four hours.
1803. R. Pering, in Naval Chron., XV. 154 (Royal Naval Yards). The extra [work] was divided into nights and tides:—a night consisted of five hours, and a tide of an hour and an half.
1867. Smyth, Sailor’s Word-bk., Tide’s work, the amount of progress a ship has made during a favourable tide. Also, a period of necessary labour on a ship during the ebbing and slack water of a tide.
9. fig. Applied to that which is like the tide of the sea in some way; as in ebbing or flowing, rising or falling, or ‘turning’ at a certain time.
1390. Gower, Conf., II. 61. Betre is to wayte upon the tyde Than rowe ayein the stremes stronge.
c. 1430. Hymns Virg., 69/368. Þe tyde [of life] is ebbid, & no more wole flowe.
1508. Dunbar, Flyting, 188. Oft beswakkit with ane ourhie tyd.
1601. Shaks., Jul. C., IV. iii. 218. There is a Tide in the affayres of men, Which taken at the Flood, leades on to Fortune.
1777. Priestley, Matt. & Spir. (1782), I. Pref. 10. The tide of popular prejudice may rise still higher.
1849. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., vi. II. 54. From that moment the tide of battle turned.
1900. Daily News, 7 Dec., 8/5. The dramatic tide has its ebb and flow like other tides.
10. spec. = FLOOD-TIDE. Also fig.
1570. Levins, Manip., 116/47. Ye Tyde, accessus maris.
1606. Shaks., Tr. & Cr., V. i. 90. I haue important businesse The tide whereof is now.
1610. Holland, Camden’s Brit. (1637), 633. The River at every tide riseth to a great heigth.
1652. Needham, trans. Selden’s Mare Cl., 249. By an exquisite observation of the Tides and Ebbings of the Sea they were wont to reckon their months and years.
1826. Disraeli, Viv. Grey, III. i. There is that at work in England which, taken at the tide, may lead on to fortune [cf. quot. 1601. in 9].
1893. Stevenson, Catriona, iii. 27. It seemed the devil was in it, if I was to die in that tide of my fortunes.
11. transf. A body of flowing water or other liquid; a stream, a current. poet. and rhet.
[15[?]. Sir A. Barton, xxxix., in Surtees Misc. (1888), 75. Betwexte Trent tid and Tyne.]
1585. T. Washington, trans. Nicholay’s Voy., II. xii. 47 b. The fishes being carried by the violence of the floud, and tyde of the Euxine Sea into Propontide.
1728–46. Thomson, Spring, 563. Stands each attractive plant, and sucks and swells The juicy tide.
1738. Wesley, Ps. CXXXVII. i. Fast by the Babylonish Tide (The Tide our Sorrows made o’erflow).
1757. Gray, Bard, 144. Deep in the roaring tide he plung’d.
1855. Mrs. Gatty, Parab. fr. Nat., Ser. I. (1869), 39. She used to sing to the tide of the river as it swept along.
1872. Tennyson, Last Tourn., 685. Feel this arm of mine—the tide within … Pulsing full man.
b. transf. and fig.
1601. Shaks., Jul. C., III. i. 257. Thou art the Ruines of the Noblest man That euer liued in the Tide of Times.
1697. Dryden, Virg. Georg., II. 644. A lofty Gate … T’ admit the Tydes of early Visitants.
1781. Cowper, Retirement, 453. The tide of life … May run in cities with a brisker force.
1830. Sadler, Law Popul., I. 430. A tide of emigration has set in from the Old World to the New.
12. The water of the sea; the sen (esp. when the tide is flowing). poet.
[1595. Shaks., John, II. i. 74. A brauer choyse of dauntlesse spirits … Did neuer flote vpon the swelling tide.]
1791. Cowper, Odyss., XX. 74. Whelm me deep in Ocean’s restless tide!
1821. Byron, Two Foscari, I. i. Bounding o’er yon blue tide.
a. 1847. Eliza Cook, Rover’s Song, i I’m afloat, I’m afloat on the fierce rolling tide, The ocean’s my home and my bark is my bride.
III. Phrases.
† 13. Tide and (or) time (also time and tide: see TIME sb. 30): an alliterative reduplication, in which the two words were more or less synonyms, or = time and (or) season. Obs.
a. 1225. St. Marher., 18. And te tide and te time þat tu iboren were, schal beon iblescet.
c. 1425. Cast. Persev., 2456, in Macro Plays, 150. Þer is no dysese nor debate,… tyde nor tyme, erly nor late, but þat Couetyse is þe grounde.
c. 1475. Rauf Coilȝear, 48. I leid my life in this land with mekle vnrufe, Baith tyde and tyme in all my trauale.
1583. Stocker, Civ. Warres Lowe C., I. 26 b. At al tide and tymes whensoeuer they shall be commaunded.
1609. Mulb. Trees, in Harl. Misc. (Malh.), III. 75. If dancers keep not tide and time in their measures.
† b. The tide abides for, tarrieth (for) no man, stays no man, Tide nor time tarrieth no man: now superseded by Time and tide wait for no man: see TIME sb. 30. Here tide originally meant ‘time,’ but from the 16th c. has usually meant the tide of the sea. Cf. TIME and tide, in both senses. Obs.
1430–40. Lydg., Bochas, III. xi. (MS. Bodl. 263), 178/2. The tid abit nat for no maner man.
1546. J. Heywood, Prov. (1867), 6. The sure sea man seeth, the tide tarieth no man.
a. 1553. Udall, Royster D., I. ii. (Arb.), 13. Farewell all my good friendes, the tyme away dothe waste, And the tide they say, tarieth for no man.
1579. [see TARRY v. 5].
1592. Greene, Disput., 22. Tyde nor time tarrieth no man.
a. 1625. Fletcher, Woman’s Prize, IV. v. The tide stays no man.
14. (In) double tides, ? as if taking advantage of both the tides in one day; esp. to work double tides, to work as hard as possible; so to roar, spin, etc., double tides. Cf. sense 8.
1788. Mme. D’Arblay, Diary, July. I was most content to work double tides for the pleasure of his company.
1805. Naval Chron., XIII. 243. The … Caulkers worked extra double tides in gangs.
1832. Examiner, 745/2. The artisans work double tides, that is, they perform two days’ labour in one.
1852. Miss Yonge, Cameos (1877), II. vii. 95. There is not a spinster in Brittany who will not spin double tides until my purchase-money be raised.
1889. Rider Haggard, Allan’s Wife, etc., 300. The wounded lioness was now roaring double tides.
V. Combinations.
15. In senses belonging to I, as tide-beef, dial. beef provided for a ‘tide’ or feast; tide-serving, time-serving; tide-time (see 6 b); † tide-wise adv., at times, now and then.
1896. Yorksh. Weekly Post, 29 Feb. (E.D.D.). He’d made up his mind they s’ould hae some reight *tide-beef.
1818. Scott, Br. Lamm., xxv. The office shall just cost him as much time-serving and *tide serving, as if [etc.].
1824. Miss Mitford, Village, Ser. I. (1863), 201. At *tide-times he loiters in the chimney-corner at the Rose.
1898. T. Hardy, Wessex Poems, 203. To eyes that had seen her in tide-times of weal.
1611. Florio, Interpollatamente, at certaine seasons, not continually, *tide-wise.
16. In senses belonging to II. a. (a) simple attrib. ‘of the tide, tidal,’ as tide-bar (BAR sb.1 15), -channel, -flow, -flux, -lead (LEAD sb.2 3 b), -level, -limit, -line, -mud, -race (RACE sb.1 6), -reach, run, rush, -stream, -turn, -wash; (b) ‘dependent on or regulated by the state of the tide, tidal,’ as tide-coach, harbor; ‘filled, overflowed, or covered by the tide,’ as tide-hole, -land, -marsh, -pool, -rock; in names of instruments for measuring the tides, or the like, as tide-ball, -dial, -gauge, -meter, -predictor, -staff; (c) objective and obj. genitive, as tide-generating, -predicting, -producing, -taking adjs. and sbs.; (d) instrumental, etc., as tide-beat, -beset, -bound, -caught, -covered, -driven, -flooded, -free, -like (also adv.), -locked, -ribbed, -tossed, -trapped, -washed, -worn adjs.
1867. Smyth, Sailor’s Word-bk., *Tide-ball, a ball hoisted to denote when the depth of water permits vessels to enter a bar-harbour, or to take the bar outside.
1898. J. Buchan, in To Day, 5 Nov., 7/2. The river the noo is no three feet deep a’ ower, wi’ sands and the shift o’ the *tide-bar.
1910. Q. Rev., July, 88. *Tide-bound at midnight in a small boat off … Deathhole Creek.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., II. xiv. 142. The outside *tide-channel … was now full of squeezed ice.
1748. Smollett, Rod. Rand., xxiv. He took a place in the *tide-coach for Rochester.
1756. J. Ferguson, Astron., § 409. 262. The *Tide Dial…. A moving elliptical Plate, painted blue, to represent the rising of the Tides, under, and opposite to, the Moon.
a. 1644. Quarles, Sol. Recant., Sol. viii. 82. As *tide-forsaken Rocks along the Main.
1861. J. Brown, Lett. (1907), 142. Glengariff is not *tide-free.
1840. Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl., III. 342/1. A description of a new *Tide Gauge.
1860. Maury, Phys. Geog. Sea (Low), i. § 14. The tide-gauges showed that several well-marked … waves had arrived off the coast.
1863. Tyndall, Heat, iv. § 122. (1870), 106. The *tide generating forces of the sun and moon.
1793. Smeaton, Edystone L., § 92. The false idea … of its being a *tide harbour, with a Bar at its mouth.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., I. xx. 260. Our *tide-hole freezes every night alongside.
1891. Cent. Dict., *Tide-land.
1895. Home Missionary (N. Y.), Sept., 292. Deep alluvial valleys of great fertility, tide-lands similar to those of Holland.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., I. xxvi. 337. The *tide-leads … one year ago had afforded a precarious passage to the vessel.
1865. Mrs. L. L. Clarke, Seaweeds, vi. 113. If the sea-marks change, and *tide level varies.
1878. Huxley, Physiogr., 180. The Ordnance Survey has fixed its datum line, or standard from which all heights are measured, as the mean tide-level at Liverpool.
1848. Mrs. Gaskell, M. Barton, Pref. With ever-returning *tide-like flood.
1854. H. Miller, Sch. & Schm., iv. (1860), 40. We found the waves chafing among the rocks just where the *tide-line had rested 12 hours before.
1849. Dickens, Dav. Copp., xlvi. This low girl whom he picked out of the *tide-mud.
1853. Zoologist, II. 4055. Almost every *tide-pool and hollow that retains the sea-water.
1898. Academy, 5 Nov., 194/1. Lord Kelvin’s *tide-predicting machine.
1891. Cent. Dict., *Tide-predictor.
1898. Academy, 5 Nov., 194/1. No more marvellous instrument has ever been invented than the mechanical tide-predictor devised by Lord Kelvin.
1883. Harper’s Mag., Aug., 375/1. These numerous *tide-races often make the St. Lawrence a rough passage for small craft.
1842. Faber, Styrian Lake, etc. 43. Thus do idle poets stand Lonely on the *tide-ribbed sand.
1844. W. H. Maxwell, Sports & Adv. Scotl., xii. (1855), 118. The *tide-runs are traceable upon the surface of the ocean.
1857. R. Tomes, Amer. in Japan, v. 128. An officer and two men were also stationed on land, near where a *tide-staff had been planted, and were prepared to make observations.
1875. Bedford, Sailor’s Pocket Bk., v. (ed. 2), 146. In describing *tide-streams in the offing, caution must be observed in not confusing the ‘flood’ and ‘ebb’ streams.
1889. P. H. Emerson, Eng. Idylls, 42. *Tide-tossed trees … rise upon the face of the waters.
1882. J. Geikie, in Nature, XXVI. 44. Tracts now within *tide wash.
1832. Lyell, Princ. Geol., II. 181. Almost every *tide-washed rock is carpeted with fuci and studded with corallines, actiniæ, and mollusca.
1858. N. J. Gannon, O’Donoghue, II. 28. The spray That crowns the *tide-worn rock.
b. Special combinations: tide-board, a board placed to prevent buildings being flooded at high tides; tide-crack, in polar regions, an ice-crack near the shore caused by the rise and fall of the tide, which breaks the floating from the shore ice; tide-current, the current caused in a tidal channel by the rise or fall of the tide (Ogilvie, 1882); tide-day (see quot.); † tide-duty, import or export duty levied at a port; tide-flap, a tidal valve opening outwardly at the mouth of a drain or small tidal stream; tide-house, a (public) house adjacent to a tidal stream; tide-lock, a double lock between tidal water and a canal or the like; a guard-lock; tide-maker, that which causes the tides; also, a vessel that is compelled to take advantage of the tide; tide-plate, a dial on which the state of the tide is indicated; tide-register, a record of tide-movements; also, an apparatus that registers tide-movements; tide-river, a tidal river; tide-rode a., Naut. (for tide-ridden), swung by the tide, as a ship at anchor; opposed to wind-rode; tide-runner, a fish that moves with the tide (U.S.); tide-time, the time at which the tide serves at any place; tide-wave, the undulation that passes over the surface of the ocean, and causes high or low tide as its highest or lowest point reaches any place; also fig.; tide-weather (see quot.); tide-wheel, a water-wheel turned by the flowing and ebbing of the tide through a narrow channel; tide-work, work that can be carried on only during hours when the tide is low, or that is paid for by the tide (cf. 8); also, part of the mechanism of a tide-gauge. See also TIDE-BOAT to TIDEWAY.
1904. Westm. Gaz., 31 Dec., 7/2. Thousands of tons of water poured over the *tide boards and protecting walls of various warehouses, flooding the wharves and warehouses.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., II. xiii. 131. He has risen by the side of an ice-berg … or through a *tide-crack.
1833. Herschel, Astron., xi. 337. The *tide-day (i. e. the interval between two successive arrivals at the same place of the same vertex of the tide-wave).
1769. Falconer, Dict. Marine (1789), Compost, a *tide-duty, or revenue, arising from shipping.
1843. Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl., VI. 426/1. At the end of the main sewer was placed a cast-iron frame, upon which were hung three *tide-flaps with brass facings.
1764. Low Life, 100. The Landlords of *Tide-Houses, both up and down the River Thames, looking out sharp for Boats.
1838. Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl., I. 148/2. The method by which the main or framing piles of the coffer-dam for the *tide-lock … were fixed to the rock.
1875. [see guard-lock (GUARD sb. 18)].
1903. Westm. Gaz., 6 Jan., 4/2. The moon is not only a *tide-maker in the marine sense. Its tangential ‘pull’ affects the earth’s atmosphere.
1910. Chamb. Jrnl., Jan., 10/2. His hard overworked apprenticeship to the sea in coasting-schooners, in undermanned, under-engined ‘tide-makers.’
1756. J. Ferguson, Astron., § 409. 263. The Elliptical or *Tide Plate, with the Moon fixt to it, is upon the Axis of the Wheel.
1825. J. Nicholson, Operat. Mechanic, 496. An error of three-quarters of an hour in each lunation will place the tide-plate H, three hours wrong in the space of about four months.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., I. xi. 117. Our *tide-register was on board the vessel.
1739. Labelye, Short Acc. Piers Westm. Br., 80. So wide a *Tide-River as the Thames.
1823. Crabb, Technol Dict., *Tide road (Mar.), the situation of a vessel which, being at anchor when the wind and tide are opposed to each other, has her head towards the current.
1882. Nares, Seamanship (ed. 6), 197. When not tide rode, pick the lee anchor up.
1877. Hallock, Sportsman’s Gaz., 244. These big fellows [weak fish] are designated as *tide-runners.
1840. Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl., III. 182/1. *Tide-time for vessels of 12-feet draft, is denoted by 2 black balls being kept upon its flag-staff until 12-feet ceases upon the straight course.
1833. Herschel, Astron., xi. 339. The *tide-wave rushing up a narrow channel, is suddenly raised to an extraordinary height.
1861. T. R. Birks, Bible & Mod. Th., Introd. 5. The tidewave of sceptical thought, which threatens … to bury the old landmarks of Christian faith.
1740. Lynn, in Phil. Trans., XLI. 689. When the Mercury has been a good while high,… there has fallen mistling Rain; especially about the New and Full Moon, with an Easterly Breeze, which the Borderers on the coast of Lincolnshire and Norfolk call *Tide-weather, and may be occasioned by the Vapours arising from the Tides, which then cover a vast Wash of Sands in their Neighbourhood.
1864. Webster, *Tide-wheel.
1888. Goode, Amer. Fishes, 205. A circular basin,… aerated by a powerful fountain of sea water, forced up by a tide-wheel.
1739. Labelye, Short Acc. Piers Westm. Br., 33. The Remainder being only common *Tide-work, has nothing worth relating.
1825. J. Nicholson, Operat. Mechanic, 493. The wheel-work and tide-work of this clock are represented by fig. 498.
1852. Wiggins, Embanking, 122. Some allowance is to be made for tide-work and night-work, for bad weather on the coast, loss of materials.
