Obs. Forms: 1–2 þrówian, (2 þrouwian), 3 þrowwenn (Orm.), þrowin, þruwen, ðhrow. Pa. t. 1–3 þrowode, -ede, -ude. [OE. prówian = OHG. druoên (Tatian þrudên), drôên, trôên, trûên:—OTeut. *þrôwjan, f. *þrôw-, ablaut-grade of *þraw- in OE. þrawu painful pressure: see THREA v.]
1. trans. To suffer, bear, endure.
Beowulf, 2606. ʓeseah his mondryhten under here-griman hat þrowian.
c. 888. K. Ælfred, Boeth., xxxi. § 1. Swa swa beaneacen wif acenð bearn & ðrowað micel earfoðu.
971. Blickl. Hom., 93. Feallaþ ofor us…, þæt we ne þurfon þysne eʓe leng þrowian.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Gram., xix. (Z.), 119. Verbum ys word … ʓetacniende oððe sum ðing to donne oððe sum ðing to þrowiʓenne.
a. 1175. Cott. Hom., 229. He wolde for hus deað þrowian.
2. intr. (or absol.). To suffer, undergo suffering or pain.
Beowulf, 2595. Nearo ðrowode fyre befongen seðe ær folce weold.
971. Blickl. Hom., 65. He wolde þrowian for ealra manna hæle.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 121. His ahȝenes þonkes he þrowede for us and binom ure sunnan.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 101. Ure helende þrowede on þe holi rode.
a. 1225. Leg. Kath., 1140. Hwi walde he þrowin as he dude, & þolien deð on rode?
Hence † Throwing vbl. sb.2 [OE. þrówung], suffering; passion; esp. the Passion of Christ.
c. 897. K. Ælfred, Gregory’s Past. C., xviii. 136. Ic eom eower efnðeowa & Cristes ðrowunge ʓewiota.
c. 1000. Ælfric, Hom., II. 506. On hwæs timan he ðrowunge underhniʓe.
c. 1175. Lamb. Hom., 87. Nu is his þrowunge and his ariste ure ester tid.
c. 1200. Trin. Coll. Hom., 81. His holie þroweȝunge þe he wolde þolien.
c. 1200. Ormin, 15205. Inntill þrowwinnge & pine.
a. 1225. Ancr. R., 372. Þuruh to stronge uondunges, soule þrowunge.
c. 1250. Gen. & Ex., 1317. Wið-uten long ðhrowing and fiȝt.
c. 1275. Passion, 4, in O. E. Misc., 37. Cristes þruwinge þet he þolede her.
Here, apparently, belongs
† Throwand, pr. pple. and ppl. a. Sc. Obs., suffering the throes of death, struggling in death-agony.
1375. Barbour, Bruce, XV. 230. About him slayne lay his menȝe … And he, redy to dey, throwand.
1513. Douglas, Æneis, IV. xii. 60. Hir sistir An … Fast ruschis throw … the rout, And on the throwand [morientem] … Callis by name. Ibid., 102. Almychty Iuno … Hir maid Iris from the hevin hes send The throwand saull [luctantem animam] to lous.
[Cf. a. 1547. Surrey, Æneid, IV. 927. From heauen she sent the Goddesse Iris downe, The throwing sprite and jointed limmes to loose.]
(Since Barbour and Douglas here use throwand and not thrawand, we seem obliged to refer their word, in form at least, to this verb; although difficulty is caused by the lateness of the use, long after the last examples known in English. It is probable that Surrey, in imitating Douglas’s rendering, used throwing in the sense of THROE v. 2, of which the Sc. form would be thrawand: cf. THROW v.1, sense 2 note.)
