Chem. Also -ine. [f. as TERPENE + -IN1.] A derivative of pinene and other terpenes, C10H18(OH)2, of which two modifications are known, cisterpin, melting at 103°C., and transterpin, at 156°C. Terpin-hydrate, a crystalline compound obtained by shaking turpentine-oil with alcohol acidified with sulphuric or nitric acid.
1848. Chem. Gaz., 1 Aug., 296. On the so-called Hydrate of Oil of Turpentine…. Its name had consequently to be altered, and the author [Dr. C. List] adopts that of terpine, proposed for it by Berzelius.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 923. Terpinhydrate usually crystallises in large rhombic prisms.
1894. Morley & Muir, Watts’ Dict. Chem., IV. 665/2. Terpin is best known in the form of its hydrate,… a beautifully crystalline compound which on heating to 100° loses water and leaves terpin as a vitreous mass.
Hence Terpinene, a terpene occurring in oil of cardamom; Terpineol, formerly (and still in Pharmacy) Terpinol: see quots.; Terpinolene, a terpene obtained by Wallach in 1885.
1848. Chem. Gaz., 1 Aug., 297. Terpinole is a colourless, very liquid oil, with the agreeable odour of hyacinths. Ibid., 298. When terpine is heated with concentrated hydriodic acid, it is converted into terpinole.
1857. Miller, Elem. Chem., III. vii. § 1. 442. Terpinol.
1894. Morley & Muir, Watts’ Dict. Chem., IV. 665/1. Terpineol … is a viscous liquid, having an odour of white lilac.
1902. Pond, trans. Heusler’s Chem. Terpenes, 105. Terpinolene is obtained by boiling terpine hydrate, terpineol, or cineole with dilute sulphuric acid. Ibid., 112. Terpinene escaped the notice of the earlier investigators because they assumed that it was identical with dipentene. Wallach recognized it as a definite terpene. Ibid., 254. The name terpineol was formerly used to designate a substance which to-day is recognized as a mixture of isomeric alcohols, C10H17OH.
