Forms: see below. [a. OF. çucre (12–14th c.), çuquere, zuchre, sukere, northeast. chucre, mod.F. sucre (from 13th c.), = Pr. sucre, It. zucchero, ad. (prob. through OHG.) med.L. zuccarum, succarum, ad. Arab. sukkar (with prefixed article assukkar, whence Sp. azucar, Pg. assucar).
The relation of Arab. sukkar to Gr. σάκχαρον, σάκχαρ (whence L. saccharon, SACCHARUM), Pers. shakar, Skr. śarkarā (Prakrit sakkara) ground or candied sugar, orig. pebble, grit (cf. JAGGERY), is not clear. Forms representing one or other of the types are found in most European languages: e.g., MLG. sucker, MDu. sucker, sûker, suycker (mod. Du. suiker), OHG. zucura (MHG. su(c)ker, G. zucker), Icel. sykr, MSw. so(c)ker, sucker (Sw. socker, Da. sukker), Lit. Russ, cukor, Serb. cukar, Boh. cukr, Pol. cukier, Turk. sukker; Rum. zahăr, Russ. sakharŭ, Serb. šećer, † cahara, † cakara, Bulg. sheker, zahar’, Turk. sheker.]
1. A sweet crystalline substance, white when pure, obtained from a great variety of plant juices, but chiefly from those of the sugar-cane and sugar-beet, and forming an important article of human food.
α. 3–4 zuker, 4 -ur, zucur, -er, zuccor, zukre, couker, 5 zucre, zuccary; 5 zugere, -ure.
In med.L. documents it is often impossible to determine whether a form is intended for Latin or for latinized English.
c. 1299. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 494. Zuker Roch. Ibid., 495. Zuker Marrokes. Ibid. (c. 1310), 510. In 3 li. et di. de Couker de Rupe. In 31 li. de Couker de Marrok. Ibid. (1340), 37. In di. li. zukur emp., 3d.
1364. in Exch. Rolls Scotl., II. 182. Per empcionem 434 librarum, cum quartario, zucure, xlij li. xviij d.
1419. Lib. Alb. Rolls, Ser. I. 224. Kark de zucre, xij d.
a. 1425. trans. Arderne’s Treat. Fistula, etc., 68. Recipe cynamom [etc.] … to which be done zuccary euenly.
14[?]. Nom., in Wr.-Wülcker, 714. Hec zucurca [sic], zugure.
β. 4 sucere, -ore, suker, (seukere), 4–5 sucre, 5 sucure, sukyr.
[1289–90. Househ. Exp. R. de Swinfield (Camden), 116. In .xix. lī sucar, .viij.s. .viij.d. ob…. Item in .xxix. libr sucur in duobus panibus .xvj. s. xj. d.]
1308. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 4. In 1 libra de sucore, 9d. Ibid. (1309–10), 6. 3 li. de sucere.
a. 1310. in Wright, Lyric P., v. 26. Such sucre mon secheth that saveth men sone.
1340. Ayenb., 83. Þet is þe zuete sucre and of guod ssmak.
1390. Gower, Conf., II. 222. Whan venym melleth with the Sucre And mariage is mad for lucre.
14[?]. Langl., P. Pl., B. V. 122 (MSS. B R). Sucre.
c. 1440. Promp. Parv., 484/1. Sukyr, zucura.
γ. 4–5 sugure, 4–6 sugur, sugre, 4–7 suger, 5–6 sugour, (4 suigur, 4, 6 surger (?), 5 sewger, sugyr, -or, sogyr, suggir, 6 sugare, -ir, suggur, suuger, 6–8 suggar, 7 shugar), 6– sugar.
1334–5. Abingdon Rolls (Camden), 4. Item pro surger viij s. x d.
1377. Langl., P. Pl., B. XIV. 312. The nyneth is swete to þe soule, no sugre is swettere.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Squire’s T., 606. Yeue hem sugre [v.rr. sugere, sucre, suger], hony, breed and Milk.
c. 1400. Maundev. (Roxb.), xvii. 76. Swetter þan sugur or hony.
1440–1. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 78. Item 1 layf de suggir. Ibid., Di. 1 laff de Sogyr.
1491. in Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., Var. Coll. IV. 211. 6 loves of sewger, 10. s.
1530. Palsgr., 176. Sucre, sugar.
1562. Turner, Herbal, II. 36 b. The pouder of it [sc. liverwurt] taken wyth suggar.
1607. Dekker & Webster, Northw. Hoe, II. i. The warres in Barbary make Suger at such an excessiue rate.
1682. Wilding, in Collect. (O.H.S.), I. 255. For shugar … 00 00 02.
1756. C. Lucas, Ess. Waters, I. 73. The like effect is produced by dropping oils on suggar.
1788. Cowper, Pity for Poor Africans, 6. How could we do without sugar and rum? Especially sugar, so needful we see?
1898. G. B. Shaw, Plays, I. Widowers’ Houses, 8. Do you take sugar, Mr Cokane?
δ. Sc. 5–7 succour, 8– succar, sucker, (5 sucur, 6 sukkoure, suckar, succur(e, 7 sucre, 8 soukar).
1495. Ledger A. Halyburton (1867), 41. 12 li. sucur valans,… 1/2 sucur lacrissye.
1496. Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot., I. 284. viij pund and x vnce of succour.
1549. Compl. Scotl., xvi. 145. Spicis, eirbis, drogis, gummis, & succur for to mak exquisit electuars.
1629. Z. Boyd, Last Battell, 958 (Jam.). Poyson, confected with sucre, is moste piercing and deadlie.
1644. Row, Extr., in Hist. Kirk (Wodrow Soc.), p. xxvi. Two of them … misbehavit themselfes … in drinking wine, sek, and succour.
1786. Burns, Scotch Drink, ix. Just a wee drap sp’ritual burn in, An’ gusty sucker!
1852. J. Fraser, Poet. Chimes, Jas. V., III. ii. Neeps, like sucker, wha’ll buy neeps?
b. With qualifying adj., sb. or phr. indicating:
a. the place of origin or manufacture, as † sugar of Alisaunder (= Alexandria), Babylon, Barbary, Candy (cf. SUGARCANDIAN), Cipre (= Cyprus), Marrokes (= Morocco); see also LISBON; b. color, as black, † blanch, brown (see BROWN a. 7), green, white, yellow sugar; see also ROSET; c. the stage of boiling, purification or crystallization at which, or the form in which, the particular kind is produced, as blown, boiled, burnt, caramel, centrifugal, clarified, coarse, cracked, crashed, crude, crushed, crystal, crystalline, crystallizable, -ized, double-refined, form, granular, -ated, hard, high, liquid, low, pounded, raw, refined, refining, refuse, sifted, stamped, strained, uncrystallizable, unrefined sugar; † ambered, female, fluid, male, pulled, store, true sugar, † sugar royal (see quots.); see also BARLEY B. 2, BASTARD A. 10, CANDIED 2, CANDY sb.1 2, CLAYED 1, FEATHERED 9, LOAF-SUGAR, LUMP sb.1 8, MOIST a. 7, MUSCOVADO, PEARL sb.1 13, PEARLED 4, POWDER sb.1 5 b, POWDERED 6, ROCK sb.1 4 a, 9, SOFT a. 27; d. its use, as coffee, kitchen, preserving sugar; e. the plant from which it is made; see BEET sb. 2, BEETROOT, CANE sb.1 9 a, DATE sb.1 4, MAPLE 3, PALM sb.1 7 c.
c. 1430. Two Cookery-bks., 50. Caste a-bouyn Sugre of *Alysaundre.
a. 1648. Digby, Closet Opened (1669), 131. *Ambered-sugar is made by grinding very well, four grains of Ambergreece, and one of Musk, with a little fine Sugar.
c. 1330. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 518. 20 li. zukur *Babilon.
1592. Wills & Inv. N. C. (Surtees, 1860), 212. x lbs. of *Barbarye sugar 10s.
1607. Marston, What You Will, II. Ha sweete, hunny barbary suger sweete Maister.
c. 1430. Two Cookery-bks., 7. Take *blake sugre, an cold water.
1408–9. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 608. It. 1 lb. suger *blanch, 2s.
1725. Fam. Dict., s.v., To have *Blown Sugar; when it has boiled a few more Walms, hold the Skimmer in your hand, and having, as before, shaken it a little, beating the Sides of the Pan, blow through the Holes.
1843. Pereira, Food & Diet, 119. When sufficiently heated, sugar becomes brown,… in this state it is called Caramel or *Burnt Sugar.
1553. Eden, Treat. New Ind. (Arb.), 41. Suger which excelleth the sugre of *Candye or Sicilia.
1725. Fam. Dict., s.v., These boilings are perform’d by Degrees…. Sugar may be boil’d till it becomes Smooth, Pearled, Blown, Feather’d, *Crack’d and *Caramel.
1884. Knight, Dict. Mech., Suppl. 872. Soft *centrifugal sugar.
1725. Fam. Dict., s.v., Two Ladles full of *clarify’d Sugar are put to one of Water.
1753. Chambers’ Cycl., Suppl., s.v., *Coarse sugar, in which there is more oil than in refined sugar, is recommended as a good medicine.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2443/1. The crystals are separated in the centrifugal machine, and sold as a very light-colored *coffee-sugar.
a. 1834. in McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1095. Different Sorts of *crashed Sugar to be kept separate.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., *Crude Sugar, or Moscouade, is that first drawn from the Juice of the Cane.
1857. Miller, Elem. Chem., Org., ii. § 1. 66. The syrup … is boiled down again in the vacuum pan, and is obtained in the form of what is termed *crushed sugar.
1867. Chambers’ Encycl., IX. 192/1. *Crystal Sugar.
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1209. The liquor … can dissolve none of the *crystalline sugar. Ibid., 1203. Not only is the *crystallizable sugar blackened, but its faculty of crystallizing impaired. Ibid., 1207. Nearly 35 cwt. of *crystallized sugar.
1316. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 11. 18 li. de sucore de *cipre.
c. 1450. Two Cookery-bks., 95. Take resons of corance,… Maces, sugur of Cipris.
1755. Dict. Arts & Sci., IV. s.v., The *double refined sugar of the shops.
1845. Encycl. Metrop., VIII. 498/1. That which is obtained from Muscovado, the crystals of which are sweeter, and less hard and fine, is named *female sugar.
1884. Knight, Dict. Mech., Suppl. 872. *Form sugar (nearly white).
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1203. Concentrated cane-juice, containing nearly half its weight of *granular sugar.
1842. Penny Cycl., XXIII. 225/1. The difficulty of extracting *granulated sugar from a fruit containing so much mucilage.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2447/2. Cones of sugar, containing 100 pounds each of *green sugar.
1755. Dict. Arts & Sci., IV. s.v., They put it up in hogsheads,… under the name of *grey or brown sugar.
1624. Althorp MS., in Simpkinson, Washingtons (1860), App. p. lv. *Hard sugar for conserve of redd roses.
1848. Chambers’ Inform. for People, I. 727/2. According to the quantity of water which any sugar contains, so it is denominated *high or *low; that from the cane being a higher or stronger variety than that from the grape, and sugar-candy a higher form than that of raw sugar.
1607. Topsell, Four-f. Beasts, 238. They are serued vpon the table, and strewed ouer with *kitchen suger.
1681. Grew, Musæum, II. ii. ii. 224. By placing a great many slender sticks across a Vessel of *liquid Sugar.
1835. Partington’s Brit. Cycl. Arts & Sci., II. 795/2. [The key] on being … turned round, unlocks the socket and plug at the bottom of the tube, and allows the liquid sugar to flow through the apertures.
1845. Encycl. Metrop., VIII. 498/1. That which is obtained from cakes of sugar is very white and hard, resembling crystal; it is called *male sugar.
1299. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 495. In 25 li. de Zuker *Marrokes. Ibid. (c. 1340), 36. In 12 li. succuris Marrok’.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., They strew the Surface over with the same *pounded Sugar.
1851. Mayhew, Lond. Labour, I. 204. *Pulled sugar, or penides.
1797. Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3), XVIII. 59/2. After the melasses are drained off, the sugar becomes pretty dry and fair, and is then called muscovado or *raw sugar.
1712. trans. Pomet’s Hist. Drugs, I. 57. As much as the *Refined-Sugar wants of its first Weight.
1845. Act 8 & 9 Vict., c. 5 § 10. Bastard or Refined Sugar.
1834. McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1089. The *refuse sugar … remaining after the process of refining.
c. 1299. Durham Acc. Rolls (Surtees), 494. In 10 li. de Zuker *Roch. Ibid. (1326–7), 15. 5 li. Zukur de Roche.
1712. trans. Pomet’s Hist. Drugs, I. 55. This *Sugar-Royal is extreamly white throughout the whole.
1714. Fr. Bk. of Rates, 102. Double refined Sugar, called, Sugar Royal.
1845. Eliza Acton, Mod. Cookery, xvi. (ed. 2), 335. The pastry must be … well covered with *sifted sugar.
1867. Tomlinson’s Cycl. Arts, II. 687/1. A description of sugar, called *stamped sugar, is prepared from the inferior qualities … in such a manner as to have the shape and appearance of first quality refined.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., *Strain’d or Brown Sugar … does not differ much from the crude Sugar.
1812. Howard, in Partington’s Brit. Cycl. Arts & Sci., II. 793/2. Water dissolves the most *uncrystallizable sugar in preference to that which is most crystallizable.
1834. McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1092. The Quantity of *Unrefined Sugar imported into the United Kingdom.
c. 1430. Two Cookery-bks., 7. Take *whyte sugre an caste þer-to.
1546. J. Heywood, Prov. (1867), 5. Whan time hath tournd white surger to white salte.
1774. Goldsm., Nat. Hist. (1824), I. 135. White sugar will sometimes be full of maggots.
1867. Tomlinson’s Cycl. Arts, II. 677/2. The juice being decanted off and boiled down … furnished a pure white sugar.
1834. McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1097. Sugar … Bengal, *yellow.
c. pl. Kinds of sugar; also, † cargoes or stocks of sugar.
1570. Act 13 Eliz., c. 25 § 8. The said Acte … is not meant to extend … to any Wynes Oyles Sugers.
1607. [Harington], Englishm. Docter, Ad Libr. Nor of Barbary, Those luscious Canes, where our rich Sugars lie.
1695. Disc. Duties on Sugars, 4. Every one that hath been acquainted with the Importing Sugars.
1714. Mandeville, Fab. Bees (1733), I. 52. Decio got five hundred pounds by his sugars.
1800. Asiat. Ann. Reg., II. 58/2. Sugars manufactured in India.
1847. Simmonds’s Colon. Mag., Dec., 413. Sugars had evidently risen.
† d. = SUGAR-CANE. Obs.
1593. Munday, Def. Contraries, 93. In Madera, Cyprus, and other Islandes, where the Sugars doe grow.
1660. F. Brooke, trans. Le Blanc’s Trav., 111. The country abounds in Sugars, which they make great and many uses of.
1785. Martyn, Lett. Bot., xiii. (1794), 153. I have not told you … that Sugar is a grass of the first division.
2. transf. and fig. uses, phrases, etc.
a. fig. or in fig. context: Sweetness; also, sweet or honeyed words.
c. 1374. Chaucer, Troylus, III. 1194. To whom this tale sucre [v.rr. seukere, sugre] be or soot.
1412–20. Lydg., Chron. Troy, I. 218. Galle in his breste and sugre in his face. Ibid., IV. 2794. Þin hony mouþe þat doth with sugre flete. Ibid. (c. 1430), Min. Poems (Percy Soc.), II. 160. Galle under sugre hath doubyl bitternesse.
c. 1530. Crt. Love, 542. That they be bound by nature to disceive, and sugre strewe on gall.
1713. S. Sewall, Diary, 22 Oct. Mr. Noyes … said Love was the Sugar to sweeten every Condition in the married Relation.
1890. Barrère & Leland, Slang Dict. (1897), Sugar,… (Amer.) flattery, praise, gammon.
1895. Cornh. Mag., Oct., 398. But she was all sugar and honey, and smoothed me down into peaceful subjection.
b. Proverbial and allusive phr. To be neither sugar nor salt, not to be made of sugar or salt: not likely to be injured by a wetting; not afraid of wet weather.
1600. Shaks., A. Y. L., III. iii. 31. Honestie coupled to beautie, is to haue Honie a sawce to Sugar.
1655. Moufet & Bennet, Health’s Improv., 251. Sugar never marred sawce.
1842. Lover, Handy Andy, i. Sure he’s neither sugar nor salt, that he’d melt.
1855, 1870. [see SALT sb.1 2 f].
c. slang. Money.
1862. Cornh. Mag., Nov., 648. We have just touched for a rattling stake of sugar at Brum.
1884. Punch, 11 Oct., 180/1. Political Picnics mean sugar to them as is fly to wot’s wot.
1890. ‘R. Boldrewood,’ Col. Reformer (1891), 308. He’s always got the sugar, consequence he always gets the worth of his money.
3. Chem. a. In old terminology, applied (with qualification) to certain compounds resembling sugar in form or taste (cf. SALT sb.1 5). † Sugar of iron, steel: ? an oxide or chloride of iron; Sugar of lead or † Saturn (also English sugar): lead acetate. Acid (or essence) of sugar: oxalic acid. † Sugar of milk = milk-sugar (MILK sb. 10).
1652. French, Yorksh. Spaw, x. 92. To mix some Sugar of steel, or steel wine with the first glass. Ibid., xii. 99. Unless it be corrected … with Sugar of Iron, made out of the very Mine of Iron.
1661. Boyle, Scept. Chym., VI. 383. Sugar of Lead, which though made of that insipid Metal and sour salt of Vinager, has in it a sweetnesse surpassing that of common Sugar.
1662. R. Mathew, Unl. Alch., § 108. 176. It wil shoot into most transparent Christals, which is called the Sugar of Saturn.
1753. Chambers’ Cycl., Suppl., Sugar of milk.
1756. Burke, Subl. & Beaut., IV. xxii. (1759), 297. The component parts of this [sc. milk] are water, oil, and a sort of a very sweet salt called the sugar of milk.
1776. Edinb. Med. Comm., IV. 260. Six parts of a fine volatile alkali, can be saturated with one of the acid of sugar.
1800. B. Moseley, Treat. Sugar (ed. 2), 112. The acid thus obtained I call acid of sugar … because sugar affords it more pure … than any other matter hitherto tried.
1843. R. J. Graves, Syst. Clin. Med., xxv. 314. In Egypt acetate of lead, under the name of English sugar, is in great request for making eye-water.
1859. Mayne, Expos. Lex., 1225/2. Acid of Sugar, Essence of Sugar, common terms for … oxalic acid.
b. In modern terminology, a chemical compound having the composition of ordinary sugar and forming a constituent of many substances; also, in wider sense (with distinctive qualifying word), any member of the SACCHAROSE and GLUCOSE groups of carbohydrates, all of which are soluble in water, more or less sweet to the taste, and either directly or indirectly fermentable.
Sugar of acorns = QUERCITE. Animal sugar, sugar of flesh or muscle = INOSITE. Hepatic sugar = LIVER sugar. Liquid sugar, uncrystallizable glucose. See also APHIS 2, DIABETES, DIABETIC 1, FRUIT sb. 9, GELATIN 3, GRAPE sb.1 9, INVERT a., INVERTED 6, LIVER sb.1 7, MALT sb. 5, MANNA1 9, MUSHROOM sb. 6 c, NEST sb. 8, POTATO sb. 6 a, SORGHUM 4, STARCH sb. 5 b, URINE, VEGETABLE.
Sugar of milk, milk-sugar (= LACTOSE) is a sugar in the modern chemical sense, but the term belongs in origin to the old nomenclature (see a).
1826. Henry, Elem. Chem., II. 403. Sugar enters pretty largely into the composition of milk; and into the urine, when altered by disease.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 1034. Sugar is the essential constituent in liquors to be converted into vinegar.
1866. Roscoe, Elem. Chem., 322. (1) Sucroses, or the sugars proper, (2) Glucoses, or the grape sugars.
1891. F. Taylor, Man. Pract. Med. (ed. 2), 777. This quantity of urine contains half a grain of sugar.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 6. Sugar of *Acorns.… A saccharine substance contained in acorns.
1826. Henry, Elem. Chem., II. 403. *Animal Sugar.
1867. Bloxam, Chem., 615. A sweet substance called inosite or sugar of *flesh.
1857. Dunglison, Med. Lex., s.v. Saccharum, Liver or *Hepatic Sugar.
1838. T. Thomson, Chem. Org. Bodies, 636. *Liquid sugar was first pointed out by Proust…. It is distinguished from every other species of sugar, by being incapable of crystallizing.
1852. W. Gregory, Handbk. Org. Chem., 370. Inosite or sugar of *muscle.
1857. Dunglison, Med. Lex., Sugar, muscle.
4. attrib. and Comb. a. attrib. Of, pertaining to, derived or made from, connected with sugar or the sugar-cane, belonging to or involved in the cultivation or manufacture of sugar, as sugar-adulteration, -barrel, -basin, -beer, -boilery, -bounty, -culture, etc.; also, producing sugar, as sugar-climate, -colony (hence -colonist), estate, -island (-islander).
1856. Orr’s Circ. Sci., Pract. Chem., 409. Any processes … of *sugar adulteration.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., III. III. i. *Sugar-barrels rolled forth into the street.
1851. Catal. Great Exhib., III. 755/1. Two satin-wood *sugar-basins.
1880. C. R. Markham, Peruv. Bark, xvi. 160. This *sugar-beer is called huarapu.
1792. (title) Remarks on the New *Sugar Bill.
1848. Ld. G. Bentinck, in Disraeli, Life (1905), 375. Six days’ discussion on the sugar bill.
a. 1774. R. Fergusson, Rising of Session, xi. Poems (1789), 47. In wine the *sucker biskets soom As light’s a flee.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. V. iv. Of *sugar-boileries, plantations, furniture.
1840. R. Ellis, Customs, IV. 243, marg. *Sugar Bounty.
1888. Pall Mall Gaz., 14 April, 10/2. The International Conference upon Sugar Bounties.
1822. Ainslie, Land of Burns, 232. Cadging about the track-pats, pouries an’ *succar bowls.
1834. Maria Edgeworth, Helen, xxxvi. She set sugar-bowl and cream before him.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. (Roxb.), 281. Sugar Boylers Instruments … a *sugar brush.
1861. Thackeray, Four Georges, i. 26. In the *sugar-chamber there were four pastrycooks.
1830. T. Burges, Debates in Congress, 10 May, 929. Men have … emigrated from South Carolina to the *sugar climate … of Louisiana.
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1203. Our *sugar colonists.
1702. Luttrell, Brief Rel. (1857), V. 196. Our *sugar collonies in the West Indies.
1733. Act 6 Geo. II., c. 13 (title), An Act for the better … encouraging the Trade of his Majesty’s Sugar Colonies in America.
1833. Act 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 56 § 9. The Island of Mauritius shall be deemed to be one of His Majesty’s Sugar Colonies.
1591. Exch. Rolls Scotl., XXII. 156. For certane *succour confectis and sweit meit furneist to bancatis.
1771. Ann. Reg., 131/1. For stealing a silver tea-pot and *sugar-dish.
1908. Daily Chron., 23 May, 1/7. This *sugar dust is heavily charged with ether.
1834. McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1094. Mr. Grant’s motion for a reduction of the *sugar duties, 25th of May, 1829.
1796. Stedman, Surinam, I. 314. The *sugar estates in this colony contain five or six hundred acres.
1870. Kingsley, At Last, x. Managers of sugar-estates.
1613. Dekker, Strange Horse-Race, etc. Wks. (Grosart), III. 316. Before either this Masque, or *Suger-feast come marching in their true and most sweet state.
a. 1700. Evelyn, Diary, 27 June 1654. A collation of eggs fried in the *suggar furnace.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2446/1. Sugar-furnace, one in which pans are set for boiling sugar-cane juice.
1769. Mrs. Raffald, Eng. Housekpr. (1778), 265. To make *Sugar Iceing for the Bride Cake.
1714. Observ. Trade Sugar Colonies, 5. How near the Desolation of the *Sugar Islands is at hand.
1764. J. Otis, Rights Brit. Colonies, 29. That … brutal barbarity that has long marked the general character of the *sugar-islanders.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., The *Sugar Juice is purified.
1847. Webster’s Dict. (ed. 2), *Sugar-kettle, a kettle used in boiling down the sap or juice from which sugar is made.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., When it has been a Quarter of an Hour in the Forms, ’tis cut with a *Sugar-Knife.
1858. Simmonds, Dict. Trade, 366/1. *Sugar-machinery, the rolling mills necessary for squeezing out the sap of the sugar-cane.
1600. Hakluyt, Voy., III. 718. His owne Ingenios or *sugar-milles.
1800. B. Moseley, Treat. Sugar (ed. 2), 33. Water or Horse sugar Mills.
1681. Grew, Musæum, IV. § i. 353. Sal Ammoniac sublim’d in a *Sugar-Mould.
1861. Bentley, Man. Bot., 699. Treacle [is] the thick juice which has drained from refined sugar in the sugar-moulds.
1844. G. Dodd, Textile Manuf., ii. 55. Copper vessels heated by steams, like *sugar-pans,… &c.
1809. Neumann, Sp.-Engl. Dict., Alfeñique, a *sugar-paste made with oil of sweet almonds.
1728. Chambers, Cycl., s.v., Some have imagined, that the ancient and modern *Sugar-Plant were different.
1714. Observ. Trade Sugar Colonies, 4. The English *Sugar Plantations are upon small Islands.
1834. McCulloch, Dict. Comm. (ed. 2), 1087. The Spanish sugar plantations.
1681. Grew, Musæum, II. § ii. ii. 224. Permitting the Molosses to drain away through a hole at the bottom of the *Sugar-Pots.
1731. Gentl. Mag., I. 137. *Sugar Powder best 59s per C.
1553. Eden, Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.), 40. In the Ilande of Hispana … were erected 28. *suger presses.
1870. Kingsley, At Last, x. A small sugar-press … under a roof of palm-leaf.
1890. D. Davidson, Mem. Long Life, x. 261. The cog-wheels of the Indian sugar-presses were invariably cut at an angle of 45°.
1736. Bailey, Household Dict., M m 3 b. To make all Sorts of *Sugar Puffs.
1833. M. Scott, Tom Cringle, xvi. Bullock’s blood is … used in the *sugar refineries in England.
1855. Stephens, Bk. Farm (ed. 2), II. 440/2. The following analysis of *sugar refuse was made by Professor Johnston.
1780. J. Howard, Prisons in Eng. & Wales, 71. *Sugar-saucers of brass wire.
1805. Dickson, Pract. Agric., I. 209. *Sugar scum, which consists of lime and bullocks’ blood.
1840. Marryat, Poor Jack, xliv. He had … worked his passage home in a *sugar ship.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. 281. A *Sugar Sive.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 472. Suppose … a *sugar-solution before inversion turns the plane of polarisation … to the right.
1598. Sylvester, Du Bartas, I. iii. (1641), 26/1. The precious Reed Whence *Sugar sirrops in abundance bleed.
1842. Penny Cycl., XXIII. 231/2. Animal charcoal is variously applied in the bleaching of sugar-syrup.
1695. Disc. Duties on Sugars, 14. This Gentleman seems very unwilling to allow any thing of the Merchant to be concern’d in the *Sugar-Trade.
1714. Observ. Trade Sugar Colonies, 4. Jamaica could never be kept and improved so as to support the Sugar Trade to this Kingdom.
1677. Phil. Trans., XII. 819. Vinous shrubs are now coming into fashion; of these do some make *Sugar-wines by art.
1826. Art of Brewing (ed. 2), 31. The brewing of *sugar worts.
b. Objective, with agent-nouns, vbl. sbs., and ppl. adjs., as sugar-boiler, -boiling, -broker, etc.; also in the names of implements used in manufacturing or preparing sugar, as sugar-chopper, etc.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. (Roxb.), 279. Instruments … usefull to the *sugar Boyler or Baker.
1856. Orr’s Circ. Sci., Pract. Chem., 388. Iron-melters, sugar-boilers and cooks.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. (Roxb.), 279. That hot and Laborious imploy of *Sugar Boyling, and refineing.
1851. Mayhew, Lond. Labour, I. 357. I purchased a small tin saucepan, a piece of marble slab, and commenced sugar-boiling.
1866. W. Reed, Hist. Sugar, 54. Whilst the sugar boiling season lasted.
1858. Simmonds, Dict. Trade, 366/1. *Sugar-chopper, a small hatchet for breaking up loaf-sugar.
1881. Instr. Census Clerks (1885), 63. Sugar Merchant, Chopper, Cutter.
1898. Allbutt’s Syst. Med., V. 406. A *sugar-destroying body or ferment.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2446/1. Hersey’s *sugar-dryer is for granulating damp sugar.
1844. Breen, St. Lucia, 296. In 1840 the *sugar-grower took the alarm.
1856. Orr’s Circ. Sci., Mech. Philos., 326. In *sugar-growing countries.
1870. Kingsley, At Last, xvi. The profits of sugar-growing … have been of late very great.
1598. *Sugar-maker [see CANDIER].
1750. T. Short, Disc. Tea, Sugar, etc. 80. With the Skimmings of the Juice of the Cane … the Sugar-makers feed their Swine and Poultry.
1753. Chambers’ Cycl., Suppl., s.v., The whole art of *sugar-making, or the reducing vegetable juices to what we call sugar.
1796. Stedman, Surinam, I. 316. The … dangers to which the sugar-making negroes are exposed.
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1200. Each *sugar manufacturer has a warehouse.
1747. State of Sugar-Trade, 3. British *Sugar Planters.
1807. Edin. Rev., Oct., 151. The profits of *sugar planting.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 354. Sorgho,… a *sugar-producing grass.
1688. *Sugar refiner [see SUGAR-BAKER 2].
1755. Dict. Arts & Sci., IV. s.v., Our sugar refiners first dissolve it [sc. coarse sugar] in water.
1835. Partington’s Brit. Cycl. Arts & Sci., II. 793/2. The process of *sugar-refining is now carried to so high a degree of perfection.
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1201. It is curious to find in the antient arts of Hindostan exact prototypes of the *sugar-rollers.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2452/1. *Sugar-sifter, a machine for sorting grades of crushed or ground sugar according to fineness of grain.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. (Roxb.), 281. A *Sugar Skimmer … is a round plate of Brass a little hollow in the midle and made full of round holes.
1866. W. Reed (title), The History of Sugar and *Sugar Yielding Plants.
c. Instrumental and parasynthetic, as sugar-cured, -iced, etc.; similative, as sugar-coloured, † -sweet; also sugar-like.
1887. W. Phillips, Brit. Discomycetes, 231. Externally *sugar-coloured.
1897. Daily News, 16 Dec., 7/2. A *sugar-cured ham.
1805. Nelson, To Dk. Clarence, 12 June, in Nicolas, Disp. (1846), VI, 455. 200 and upwards of *sugar-laden Ships.
1879. Jrnl. Chem. Soc., Abstr. 360. Its granular, *sugar-like appearance.
1805. Nelson, To A. Davidson, 12 June, in Nicolas, Disp. (1846), VI. 454. More than two hundred Sail of *sugar-loaded Ships.
1600. Breton, Pasquils Fooles-cappe, Wks. (Grosart), I. 18/2. *Sugar sweete, or bitter as the gall, Tis Pasquils humour.
1612. J. Davies, Muse’s Sacrifice, Wks. (Grosart), II. 44/2. And Gall itselfe, to them made Sugar-sweet!
1906. Kipling, in Tribune, 15 Jan., 4/4. *Sugar-topped biscuits.
5. Special combs.: sugar-almond, a sweetmeat consisting of an almond coated with sugar; † transf. a stone resembling this; sugar-box, † (a) a sugar-basin or sugar-caster; (b) a box in which sugar is packed; † sugar-bread, a species of confectionery; sugar-butter sauce, a sauce made with sugar and butter; sugar-cake, a rich cake made with sugar, butter and cream; also fig.; sugar-camp U.S., a place in a maple forest or plantation where the sap is collected and boiled for sugar; sugar-caster, -castor (see CASTOR2); sugar-coat v., to coat with sugar; fig., to make palatable; esp. in sugar-coated ppl. a. (of pills); so sugar-coating vbl. sb.; sugar-cone, a conical mold used in making loaf-sugar; sugar-disease, diabetes; † sugar-garden, sugar-house, a sugar-factory, sugar-works; sugar-house molasses, a low-grade molasses produced at sugar-factories, now chiefly used in the preparation of certain medicines and chemicals; sugar-lime, lime formed in the process of preparing sugar from beet-root; † sugar-man, a sugar-maker or confectioner; † sugar-meat, a sweetmeat, comfit, confection; sugar-orchard U.S. = SUGAR-BUSH 1; sugar-pellet, a pellet of sugar; † a piece of sugar-paste; † sugar-penide [cf. MLG. suckerpenit (see PENIDE)], corruptly -pennye, barley-sugar; † sugar-roll, (a) ? a sweetened bread roll; (b) a sugar-mill roller; † sugar-snow, snow (SNOW sb.1 4 a) made with sugar; † sugar-snuff, a snuff compounded of powdered sugar-candy and oil of nutmegs; † sugar-spar, † sugar-spirit (see quots.); sugar-stick, a stick of sweetstuff; sugar-teat (see quot. 1847); in quot. 1856, transf.; sugar-tongs, a metal implement for taking hold of pieces of lump sugar (to put them into a beverage), consisting of two limbs connected by a flexible back (or a hinge) and furnished at each end with claws or a spoon-shaped plate; sugar-vinegar, vinegar made from the waste juice and washings in sugar-manufacture; sugar-wash (see quot.); sugar-water, † (a) water in which sugar has been dissolved; (b) see quot. 1753; (c) U.S. the sap of the sugar-maple.
1594. Marlowe & Nashe, Dido, II. i. Wks. 1904, II. 359. Ile giue thee *Sugar-almonds.
1681. Grew, Musæum, III. § i. v. 296. The Sugar-Almond … so like to the rougher sort which Confectioners sometimes make, that, excepting the Tast, nothing can be liker.
1620. Unton Inv. (1841), 27. A *sugar boxe,… one sugar boxe spoone.
1639. 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm., App. IX. 8. 1 Scollup Suger boxe.
1669. R. Montagu, in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.), I. 448. A vinegar pot, oil pot, and sugar box.
1747. in Nairne Peerage Evidence (1874), 81. Silver milk pott … suggar box … silver salvar.
1796. Stedman, Surinam, I. 361. Placing my sugar-boxes in the middle of a tub, and on stone.
1858. Simmonds, Dict. Trade, 366/1. Sugar-box, a kind of long case in which Havana and some other sugars are imported.
1587. Harrison, England, II. vi. in Holinshed. Marchpaine, *sugerbread [ed. 1577 sugred bread], gingerbread.
1901. Daily Chron., 16 Nov., 8/5. A Plum Pudding, with beaten *sugar-butter sauce, after the receipt of Merton College, Oxford.
1600. Breton, Pasquils Fooles-cappe, Wks. (Grosart), I. 26/1. Such vile coniunctions such constructions make, That some are pois’ned with a *Sugar Cake.
1716. W. Moffett, Hesperi-neso-gr., II. 9. This grunting Sow would sooner take, And eat a T—d than Sugar-Cake.
1801. S. & Ht. Lee, Canterb. T., IV. 14. Pots of conserves, sugar cakes, and such other housewifely presents as … gratify the appetites common to children.
1819. Keats, Otho, I. ii. Who … dares to give An old lion sugar-cakes of mild reprieve?
1805. Pike, Sources Mississ. (1810), 49. He informed me that … the *sugar camp near the stockade was where he made sugar.
1676. *Sugar-castor [see CASTOR2 1].
1763. Colman, Prose Sev. Occas. (1787), I. 251. A queer sort of building Ma’am, said young Bonus,—a mere pepper-box, and there,—(pointing to the turrets of All Souls) there are the sugar-casters.
1878. Pollen, Anc. & Mod. Gold & Silver Wk., 160. Sugar caster: silver-gilt, chased with figures of virtues.
1870. Eng. Mech., 18 March, 660/3. He can have his pills … *sugar-coated by any druggist.
1910. J. J. Reeve, in The Fundamentals, III. 99. The little truth in it served to sugar-coat and give plausibility to some deadly errors that lurked within.
1876. Dunglison, Med. Lex., 998/1. *Sugar-coated pills are prepared like the sugarplums of the confectioners.
1908. Westm. Gaz., 21 Jan., 12/1. Who used his great gift of humour as a *sugar-coating for the great things he has had to say.
1856. Orr’s Circ. Sci., Pract. Chem., 410. *Sugar-cones painted with white-lead are avoided.
1847–9. Todd’s Cycl. Anat., IV. I. 100/2. The chemical mechanism of *sugar disease.
1613. Purchas, Pilgrimage (1614), 630. His provisions for his Ingenewes or *Sugar-gardens.
1600. J. Pory, trans. Leo’s Africa, V. 52. To every of the Ingenios or *sugar-houses … do belong Negro-slaves, for the planting of their canes.
1769. Ann. Reg., 111. Mr. Derman’s sugar-house, in Black-friers, was burnt to the ground.
1813. Brackenridge, Views Louisiana (1814), 175. The sugar houses … were easily distinguished by the vast columns of smoke they sent up into the air.
186[?]. Walt Whitman, To Working Men, vi. Poems (1868), 110. White-lead-works, the sugar-house, steam-saws.
1890. Billings, Nat. Med. Dict., Treacle, sugar-house molasses, the uncrystallizable residue of the refining of sugar.
1868. Watts, Dict. Chem., V. 469. The calcareous thin syrup … is … filtered through bone-black, which removes a small quantity of *sugar-lime.
a. 1626. Breton, Figure of Foure, II. No. 78, Wks. (Grosart), II. 7/1. Foure sweet Trades in a Citie: *Sugarmen, Comfit-makers, Perfumers and Nose-gay-makers.
1688. R. Holme, Armoury, III. xxii. (Roxb.), 280/2. A Sugar mans Lip Bason.
1587. Holinshed’s Chron., III. 1490/1. A most sumptuous banket prepared of *sugar meats for the men of armes, and the ladies.
1613. Wither, Sat. Ess., Vanity, M 6. Sweet sugar meats, and spice.
1848. Bartlett, Dict. Amer., 344. *Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and preserved in the forest for the purpose of making sugar therefrom.
1591. Percivall, Sp. Dict., Alfenique, *suger pellets, Saccari gluten.
1613. Dekker, Strange Horse-Race, etc. Wks. (Grosart), III. 372. [Dishes] heaped full to the brim with Sugar-pellets.
1830. Edin. Rev., L. 517. For administering all kinds of homöopathic medicine the little sugar pellets are the favourite medium.
1599. A. M., trans. Gabelhouer’s Bk. Physicke, 108/2. Then take *Sugerpennye as much as is needfulle with Lettis, and fragrant Rosewater.
c. 1623, 1683. [see PENIDE].
1712. trans. Pomet’s Hist. Drugs, I. 55. The first Sort,… call’d Sugar-Penids, is boil’d till the Sugar becomes brittle.
1727. Coll. Epigrams, ccxii. All their cheer was *sugar-rolls and sack.
1758. in 6th Rep. Dep. Kpr. Rec., App. II. 129. A new method of Casting Guns or Cannon, Fire Engines, Cylinders, Pipes, and Sugar Rolls,… in dried sand.
1767. in N. & Q., 9th S. VII. (1901), 148/1. It is customary with us [at Caius Coll., Camb.] … to have sugar-roll and sack standing in the hall.
1611. J. Davies, Sco. Folly, To Worthy Persons, Wks. (Grosart), II. 64/1. If a storme should rise … Of *suger-snowes and haile of care-a-wayes.
1715. F. Slare, Vindic. Sugars, 6. I have … recommended the Use of *Sugar-Snuff to several Friends.
1729. Phil. Trans., XXXVI. 31. Those which they call *Sugar-spars, are those whose Crystallisations are very small, and so on crumbling to Pieces have the Appearance of powdered Sugar.
1731. P. Shaw, Ess. Artif. Philos., 126. By *Sugar-Spirit is here understood, the Spirit prepared from the Washings, Scummings, Dross and Waste of a Sugar-Baker’s Refining House.
1811. Ann. Reg., Hist., 33/1. He … proposed an increase of one halfpenny per gallon on the wash of sugar-spirits.
1825. Hone, Every-day Bk., I. 51. Their upright cylinder-shaped show-glasses, containing peppermint-drops,… *sugar-sticks, hard-bake [etc.].
1914. G. K. Chesterton, Flying Inn, xxi. 255. When the three boys last met in the village market-place, they were all sucking sugar-sticks.
1847. Halliwell, *Sugar-teat, a small portion of moist sugar tied up in a rag of linen of the shape and size of a woman’s nipple, given to quiet an infant when the mother is unable to attend.
1856. Kane, Arctic Expl., II. v. 63. Sugar-teats of raw meat are passed around.
1708. W. King, Cookery, 70. For want of *Sugar-tongs or Spoons for Salt.
1874. Ruskin, Fors Clav., IV. 272. Because people are now always in a hurry to catch the train, they haven’t time to use the sugar-tongs.
1839. Ure, Dict. Arts, 1. Vinegar may be distinguished into four varieties,… 1. Wine vinegar. 2. Malt vinegar. 3. *Sugar vinegar. 4. Wood vinegar.
1812. Ann. Reg., Gen. Hist., 9. *‘Sugar wash’ i. e. the liquid prepared in order to distil spirits from it.
c. 1430. Two Cookery-bks., 7. Take almaundys,… an stampe hem, an draw hem, with þe *sugre water thikke y-now, in-to a fayre vessel. Ibid. (c. 1450), 85. Grynde hem with sugour water into faire mylke.
1753. Chambers’ Cycl., Suppl. s.v. Sugar spirit, Sugar-water, which is no other than the water in which the aprons, moulds, and other utensils, employed in the refining of sugar, are washed.
1843. Pereira, Food & Diet, 118. Sugar water is frequently used at the table on the continent.
1875. Knight, Dict. Mech., 2267/2. A spout for sugar-water (the sap of the sugar-maple tree).
b. In names of birds, insects and other animals that feed upon or infest sugar or sweet things, as sugar-acarus, -ant, -worm; sugar-creeper (see CREEPER 3); sugar-eater, = SUGAR-BIRD 2, 3; sugar-louse, -mite, (a) a springtail or silverfish, Lepisma sacchari; (b) a mite of the genus Tyroglyphus or Glyciphagus; sugar-squirrel, a species of flying-squirrel found in Australia, which lives partly on honey.
1856. Orr’s Circ. Sci., Pract. Chem., 409. The theory which refers grocers’ psora to the *sugar acarus is exceedingly probable.
1790. Phil. Trans., LXXX. 346. The *Sugar Ants, so called from their ruinous effects on the sugar-cane.
1898. Morris, Austral English, 443/2. Sugar-Ant, a small ant, known in many parts of Australia by this name because of its fondness for sweet things.
1811. Shaw, Gen. Zool., VIII. I. 258. *Sugar Creeper, Certhia saccharina.
1796. Nemnich, Polyglot.-Lex., VI. 910. *Sugar eater, Certhia flaveola.
1845. Richardson, in Encycl. Metrop., XXII. 464/2. Nectarinia,… Sugar-eater.
1817. Kirby & Sp., Entomol., xxiii. II. 320. The common *sugar-louse.
1796. Nemnich, Polyglot. Lex., VI. 910. *Sugar mite, Lepisma saccharina.
1828–32. Webster, Dict., Sugar-mite,… lepisma.
1884. Ogilvie, Dict. (ed. 2), Sugar-mite, a species of Acarina or mite, Acarus sacchari.
1846. Waterhouse, Mammalia, I. 331. Petaurus (Belideus) Sciureus. Squirrel Flying-Phalanger…. *Sugar Squirrel of the colonists of New South Wales.
1658. Rowland, trans. Moufet’s Theat. Ins., 1087. I assert that a little worm is bred in Sugar, long, black as a flea,… like to a Weevil; and therefore we may justly call it a *Sugar-worm.
c. In the names of plants or fruits, so called on account of their sweetness or their yielding sugar: sugar-apple, either of two West Indian trees of the N.O. Anonaceæ or their fruits, Anona squamosa and Rollinia Sieberi; sugar-bean, Phaseolus saccharatus and Phaseolus lunatus (1858, Simmonds, Dict. Trade); sugar beet, any variety of the beetroot plant from which sugar is manufactured; sugar-berry, the North American nettle-tree, Celtis occidentalis, = HACKBERRY 2; sugar-birch, a N. American species of birch, as Betula lenta or Betula nigra, from the sap of which sugar is obtained; sugar-fungus, the fungus of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiæ; suger-grass, (a) = SORGHUM 1 b; (b) the Australian grass Poliinia fulva or Erianthus fulvus; sugar-gum, the Australian Eucalyptus corynocalyx and E. Gunnii; sugar-melon, a sweet melon (cf. F. melon sucrin); sugar-millet = SORGHUM 1 b; sugar-pea († -pease): see quots. 1707, 1866; † sugar-pear, a very sweet variety of pear; sugar-pine (see quots.); sugar-pumpkin (see quot.); † sugar-reed (cf. Du. suikerriet] = SUGAR-CANE; sugar-tree, (a) = SUGAR-MAPLE; (b) = SUGAR-BUSH 2; (c) an Australian shrub, Myoporum platycarpum; sugar-wood = SUGAR-MAPLE; sugar-wrack, Laminaria saccharina.
1738. Phil. Trans., XL. 347. The Fruit of this and most other Anonas are Food for Lizards…. Some of these Fruits have, from their Taste, been called Custard-apple, *Sugar-apple, and Sour-sops.
1750. G. Hughes, Barbados, 179. It bears about April a great many flowers very much resembling those of a sugar apple.
1874. Stewart & Brandis, Flora N. West India, 6. Custard-apple (Sweet-sop or Sugar-apple in America).
1831. Sir J. Sinclair, Corr., II. 422. Information regarding … the *sugar beet, will be found in … ‘Crud’s Economie de l’Agriculture,’ p. 285.
1887. Encycl. Brit., XXII. 626/1. The sugar beet is a cultivated variety of Beta maritima.
1846. Lindley, Veget. Kingd., 580. The drupes of Celtis occidentalis, the Nettle-tree or *Sugar-berry, are administered in the United States in dysentery.
1751. J. Bartram, Observ. Trav. Pennsylv., etc., 27. The timber was *sugar birch, sugar maples, oak and poplar.
1857. G. Bird’s Urin. Deposits (ed. 5), 398. The penicillium glaucum, though distinct from the *sugar-fungus, yet is not unfrequently found associated with it.
1862. Ansted, Channel Isl., IV. xx. 476. The *sugar grass, or sorgho.
1889. Maiden, Usef. Pl., 106. The ‘Sugar Grass’ of colonists, so called on account of its sweetness. Ibid., 27. Eucalyptus Gunnii,… In Tasmania this is known as ‘Cider Gum,’ and in South-Eastern Australia occasionally as the *‘Sugar Gum.’ Ibid., 442. Eucalyptus corynocalyx,… Sometimes called ‘Sugar Gum,’ on account of its sweetish foliage, which attracts cattle and sheep.
1616. Surfl. & Markh., Country Farm, 195. To make Cucumbers or Pompions sugred [marg. *Sugar-Melons].
1629. Parkinson, Parad., 525. Some are called Sugar Melons, others Peare Melons, and others Muske Melons.
1707. Mortimer, Husb. (1721), II. 156. The *Sugar Pease, which being planted in April is ripe about Midsummer, its Cods … boiled with the unripe Pease in them, is extraordinary sweet.
1710. Tusser Redivivus, in Tusser’s Husb. (1878), 89, note. Runcival pease find now very little Entertainment in Gentlemen’s Gardens…. In their room are got the Egg pea, the Sugar pea,… etc.
1866. Treas. Bot., 897/2. There is a section [of peas] denominated Sugar-peas, which is remarkable in that the pods are destitute of the inner film peculiar to the pods of the other kinds of Peas.
1664. Evelyn, Kal. Hort., Aug., 72. Pears … Summer Poppering, *Sugar Pear, Lording Pear.
1766. Complete Farmer, s.v. Pear, The green sugar-pear.
1855. Dunglison, Med. Lex., s.v. Arrow Root, Florida arrow-root is derived from Zamia integrifolia or Z. pumila, *Sugar pine.
1857. J. D. Borthwick, Three Yrs. California, xi. 188. In this part of the country the pine-trees are of an immense size, and of every variety. The most graceful is what is called the ‘sugar pine.’
1876. Encycl. Brit., IV. 704/1. The sugar pine (Pinus Lambertiana).
1905. Trade Catalogue (Cent Dict. Suppl.). Negro or Nantucket *Sugar Pumpkin. The true old-fashioned black-warted, shelled pumpkin.
1719. Quincy, Compl. Disp., 227. The *Sugar-Reed or Cane.
1717. Petiveriana, III. 246. *Sugar-tree, grows at the Heads of Rivers, and near Mountains.
1801. J. Barrow, Trav., I. 62. One … called here the sugar-tree, from the great quantity of saccharine juice contained in the bottom of its vase-shaped flowers.
1866. Treas. Bot., 1110/1. Sugar-tree, Myoporum platycarpum.
1872. S. De Vere, Americanisms, 418. The Sugar-Tree or Sugar-Maple (Acer saccharinum).
1809. A. Henry, Trav., 68. Covered with the rock or sugar maple, or *sugar-wood.
1882. Encycl. Brit., XIV. 29/2. Kelp … is prepared from the deep-sea tangle (Laminaria digitata), *sugar wrack (L. saccharina).
† 6. in fig. use, passing into adj. (with superlative sugarest, sug(e)rest): Sugary, sweet. Obs.
c. 1530. Crt. Love, 22. Thy suger-dropes swete of Elicon Distill in me … I pray.
1578. T. Proctor, Gorg. Gallery, L iv. Our sugarest sweetes reapes sorowing sobs in fine.
1596. Shaks., Merch. V., III. ii. 119. Here are seuer’d lips Parted with suger breath. Ibid. (1599), Hen. V., V. ii. 303. You haue Witch-craft in your Lippes, Kate: there is more eloquence in a Sugar touch of them, then in the Tongues of the French Councell.
1604. Dekker, Honest Wh., Wks. 1873, II. 97. Our Country Bona Robaes, oh! are the sugrest delicious Rogues.
1687. in Magd. Coll. & Jas. II. (O.H.S.), 167. They were wheedled … by … sugar words.
† b. In parasynthetic compounds, as sugar-chopped, -lipped, mouthed adjs. Obs.
1553. Respublica, III. iii. 680. A slypper, suger-mowthed howrecop as can bee.
a. 1652. Brome, New Acad., I. i. Do you tell me Of your sweet sugar-chop’t nestle coxscombe?
1827. Scott, Surg. Dau., Concl. All that sugar-lipped raillery which is fitted for the situation of a man about to do a foolish thing.
