Forms: α. 4 saud-, sawder, 5 sauldyer; 4 sawdour, sawgeoure, 5 saud-, sawdiour, 5–6 sawdyour (5 -yor). β. 4 souder, 5 sowder(e, 6 -eer; 5 soudyre, 5–6 sowdier, 6 soudyer; 5 sowdear, 6 -iar, -yare, soudiar; 4 soudior, 5 -eor, sowdior, -yor(e; 4 soudour, 4–5 soudyour(e, 4–6 soudeour, -iour (4 -ioure), 6 soudgour, 7 soujour; 4 sowedeur, 4–5 sowdeour, -iour, 4–6 -your (5 -yowre), γ. 4–5 souldeour, 4–6 -your, 4, 6–7 -iour (6 sowldiour, soulddour); 6 souldiar, -yar, -yer, 6–8 souldier (6 -iere), 7–8 souldjer, 7 soulder. δ. 5–6 soldiour, 6–7 soldior, 6 soldear, -iar, 6– soldier (6 soilder, 7 soldjere). ε. 4 sodiour, -your, 6 sodioure, -ear, -ier. ζ. 6 sogear, -eour, soygear, soi-, sojour, -ar, 7 sojor, 7– soger, sodger. [a. OF. soud(i)er, saudier, sodyer, soldier (also with different ending soldeier, -oier, etc.), f. soude SOLD sb.1 (cf. med.L. solidārius). The obs. forms in -eo(u)r, -io(u)r, etc., correspond to the OF. variants soudiour, souldiour, -eour, soldiour, etc. Owing to the variation in both stem and termination, and the reduction of the di to j (g), the number of former spellings is unusually large.]

1

  1.  One who serves in an army for pay; one who takes part in military service or warfare; spec. one of the ordinary rank and file; a private.

2

  Common soldier: see COMMON a. 12 b. Private soldier: see PRIVATE a. 2 b. Foot-soldier: see FOOT sb. 34 c. Soldier of fortune: see FORTUNE sb. 1 e.

3

  α.  a. 1300.  Cursor M., 24789. He gadird sauders her and þar, To strenth his castels.

4

13[?].  K. Alis., 1399 (Laud. MS.). And seuen & tuenty hundreþ sawders, Stronge in felde, vpon destrers.

5

c. 1440.  Contin. Brut, 538. Caleis … was þat tyme kept with saudiours.

6

c. 1460.  Towneley Myst., xxx. 222. Thou art the best sawgeoure that euer had I any.

7

1465.  Paston Lett., I. 133. The olde sawdyors of Normaundy.

8

c. 1489.  Caxton, Sonnes of Aymon, iii. 70. I am a sauldyer with Reynawde.

9

[c. 1500.  Melusine, 208. Your peple that be come hither to take your wages as sawdoyers.]

10

  β.  13[?].  Guy Warw., 5329. Wiþ þat come anoþer kniȝt…: Douke Otus soudour was he.

11

1338.  R. Brunne, Chron. (1810), 109. Aniowe with þer souders was alle biseged & set.

12

c. 1350.  Will. Palerne, 3954. I sette ȝou for no soudiour but for souerayn lord.

13

1387.  Trevisa, Higden (Rolls), IV. 255. In þe secounde fyve ȝere þey hadde silver for to paye knyȝtes and soudeours.

14

1421.  Rolls of Parlt., IV. 159/2. The pore liege men and Soudeors in the Town.

15

c. 1450.  Merlin, xii. 174. Lete vs geder oure kyn and oure frendes and sowderes out of alle londes.

16

1503.  Act 19 Hen. VII., c. 12 § 11. Callyng hymself a Sowedyer, Shipman, or Travelyngman.

17

1526.  R. Whytford, Martiloge (1893), 2. Amonge soudyours that were under the capytane & prynce Licyne.

18

1535.  Coverdale, 2 Sam. iv. 2. There were two men captaynes ouer the soudyers.

19

1538.  Starkey, England, I. i. 3. He was … neuer gud capitayne that neuer was soudiar.

20

  γ.  1390.  Gower, Conf., I. 358. How thei stonde of on acord, The Souldeour forth with the lord.

21

c. 1400.  Maundev. (1839), v. 38. Als moche takethe the Amyralle be him allone, as alle the other Souldyours han undre hym.

22

1474.  Caxton, Chesse, II. iv. (1883), 49. Whan the souldyours see that they [etc.].

23

1530.  Palsgr., 273/1. Souldier of a strange lande, avxiliaire.

24

1570–6.  Lambarde, Peramb. Kent (1826), 141. He maintained a great number of Souldiours within the Castle.

25

1625.  Tuke, Holy Eucharist, A iij b. How that noble Worthy made them bee Destroyed of his souldjers presentlie.

26

1640–1.  Kirkcudbright War. Committee’s Minute Bk. (1855), 152. To mak present provisione … for clothes and schooes to thair awn souldiors.

27

1680.  Otway, Orphan, II. iii. Young Souldier, you’ve not only study’d War.

28

  δ.  c. 1450.  Holland, Howlat, 641. Soldiouris and sumptermen to thai senȝeouris.

29

a. 1547.  Surrey, Æneid, II. 11. What Myrmidon:… What stern Ulysses waged soldiar?

30

1557.  Anc. Cal. Rec. Dublin (1889), 468. Every freman becomyng a soilder.

31

1590.  Sir J. Smythe, Disc. Weapons, Ded. 16 b. Such Officers … cannot faile to make good soldiers.

32

1601.  Shaks., Twel. N., III. iv. 339. As he is a Gentleman and a Soldiour.

33

1628–9.  Digby, Voy. Medit. (Camden), 16. The gran Hogi (that is secretarie) paying the soldiors.

34

1728.  Young, Love Fame, IV. 254. Of boasting more than of a bomb afraid, A soldier should be modest as a maid.

35

1752.  Hume, Ess. & Treat. (1777), I. 275. A continual succession of wars makes every citizen a soldier.

36

1829.  Scott, Anne of G., xxxiv. The sight of your lordship … has waked the old soldier in myself.

37

1869.  E. A. Parkes, Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3), 623. The trade of the soldier is war.

38

  ε.  c. 1400.  Maundev. (Roxb.), vi. 20. Pure knyghtes and sodyours selles þaire hernays.

39

1489.  Barbour’s Bruce, V. 205 (Edin.). It wes all to gret perill Sa ner thir sodiourys to ga.

40

1529.  Rastell, Pastyme (1811), 108. And wyth new sodears … gave to Arthur anewe battell.

41

1556.  Chron. Grey Friars (Camden), 16. The morrow after there ware sodiers arestyd & prisond.

42

1570.  Levins, Manip., 223. A sodioure, miles, bellator.

43

  ζ.  1532.  in W. M. Williams, Ann. Founders’ Co. (1867), 214. These be the charges for the fyrst Soygears.

44

1559.  Peebles Burgh Rec. (1872), 253. The inqueist ordanis the sojarris and allegit men of weir to depas incontinent of the tovne.

45

1573.  Satir. Poems Reform., xxxix. 118. With certane Soiouris of the garysoun.

46

1640–1.  Kirkcudbright War-Committee’s Minute Bk. (1855), 9. The sogers, both the foote and horss.

47

1650.  Z. Boyd, in Zion’s Flowers (1855), Introd. 48. Divers sojours did sing with us.

48

17[?].  Ramsay, Soger Laddie, ii. My doughty laddie … can as a soger and lover behave.

49

1782.  Burns, I’ll go and be a Sodger, 4. I’m twenty-three, and five-feet-nine,—I’ll go and be a sodger!

50

1838.  Jas. Grant, Sk. Lond., 219. Hollering aloud that he had been a sodger before, but that he was a gentleman now.

51

1840.  R. H. Dana, Bef. Mast, iv. You’re neither man, boy, soger, nor sailor!

52

  b.  A man of military skill and experience.

53

1603.  Shaks., Meas. for M., III. ii. 155. Hee shall appeare to the enuious, a Scholler, a Statesman, and a Soldier.

54

1603.  Ld. Mountjoy, in Moryson Itin. (1617), II. 284. Howsoever he be no Souldier, yet is [he] well acquainted with the businesse of the warre.

55

1852.  Tennyson, Ode on Death Wellington, 131. So great a soldier taught us there, What long-enduring hearts could do.

56

1862.  Carlyle, Fredk. Gt., XII. ii. III. 181. There is Count von Roth, Silesian Lutheran, an excellent Soldier.

57

  c.  A small image of a soldier, intended as a child’s toy.

58

1878.  H. S. Leigh, Town Garland, 56. I will treat her young brother, methinks, To a boxful of soldiers instead.

59

  2.  fig. (usually with ref. to spiritual service or warfare). Also const. to (a purpose, etc.).

60

1340.  Ayenb., 146. We byeþ alle uelaȝes ine þe ost of oure lhorde and his kniȝtes and his soudeurs.

61

c. 1500.  Melusine, 149. Þey name them self sawdyours of our lord Jeshu criste.

62

1549.  Bk. Common Prayer, Publ. Bapt., To continewe his faythfull soldiour and seruaunt unto thy lyfes ende.

63

1580.  in Allen, Martyrdom Campion (1908), 25. Very many … being restored to the Church, new souldiars geve up their names.

64

1608.  Shaks., Per., IV. i. 8. Nor let pity … melt thee, but be A soldier to thy purpose. Ibid. (1611), Cymb., III. iv. 186. This attempt, I am Souldier too.

65

1649.  Bp. Reynolds, Hosea, ii. 74. Such an oath have all Christ’s Souldiers taken.

66

1737.  Challoner, Cath. Chr. Instr. (1753), 20. To make them Soldiers of Christ, and perfect Christians.

67

1810.  Shelley, Tremble Kings, 5. We all are soldiers fit to fight.

68

1860.  Warter, Sea-board, II. 466. No mean soldier of the Church Militant here on earth was Major Hodson!

69

  b.  To come the old soldier over one, to take one in, impose upon one. (See COME v. 28 b.)

70

1824.  Scott, St. Ronan’s, xviii. I should think he was coming the old soldier over me, and keeping up his game.

71

1861.  Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxf., II. xvii. 331. But you needn’t try to come the old soldier over me. I’m not quite such a fool as that.

72

  3.  transf. Used as a name for various animals, fishes, etc.

73

  † a.  A turtle. Obs. b. The soldier-crab or hermit-crab. † c. = soldier-insect (see 8). d. A Brazilian fish, of which the native name is camboatá. Obs. e. A fighting ant or termite; also Austr., a species of large red ant. f. The red gurnard. g. slang. A red herring. h. A red spider; a small red beetle; a ladybird. i. Austr. (See quot.) j. U.S. (See quot.)

74

  a.  1608.  Topsell, Serpents (1658), 798. This Sea-tortoise…, which the common Fisher-men call the Souldier, because his back seemeth to be armed and covered with a shield and helmet.

75

  b.  1666.  J. Davies, Hist. Caribby Isles, 78. There is a kind of Snailes, called by the French Soldats that is Souldiers, because they have no shells proper and peculiar to themselves.

76

1697.  Dampier, Voy. (1699), 39. Under those Trees we found plenty of Soldiers, that live in Shells,… and have two great Claws like a Crab.

77

1725.  Sloane, Jamaica, II. 272. This small Lobster or Crab differs in very little from the European Souldjer or Hermit-Crab.

78

1782.  P. H. Bruce, Mem., XII. 424. Their shell-fish are conques, perriwinkles, coneys, sogers, wilkes, [etc.].

79

1833.  M. Scott, Tom Cringle, vi. The amphibious little creatures, half crab, half lobster, called soldiers.

80

  c.  1699.  Wafer, Voy., 110. If these Soldiers eat of any of the Manchineel-Apples…, their Flesh becomes … infected with that virulent Juice.

81

  d.  1703.  Dampier, Voy. (1729), III. I. 416. The River Souldier. It’s mail’d somewhat like a Sturgeon, the Meat good; they say it gets on Land to seek for Water when the Rivers are near dry.

82

  e.  (a)  1781.  Phil. Trans., LXXI. 145. Of every species there are three orders; first, the working insects,… next the fighting ones, or soldiers.

83

1871.  Kingsley, At Last, viii. The workers and soldiers, I believe, without exception, are blind.

84

1898.  E. P. Evans, Evol. Ethics, vi. 210. The soldiers may be undeveloped males, although this is by no means certain.

85

  (b)  1854.  G. H. Haydon, Australian Emigrant, 59. It was a red ant, upwards of an inch in length—‘that’s a soldier, and he prods hard too.’

86

1881.  Chequered Career, 324. I was bitten once by a ‘soldier,’ and for ten minutes was in frightful agony.

87

  f.  1846.  Zoologist, IV. 1402. The Red Gurnard, Trigla cuculus. This species is frequently called ‘soldier.’

88

1905.  Haslope, Pract. Sea-Fishing, 97. Small Pollack sometimes acquire a bright red colour, and then are termed ‘soldiers’ in Cornwall.

89

  g.  1811.  Lexicon-Balatronicum, Soldier, a red herring.

90

1835.  Marryat, J. Faithful, x. He returned, bringing half a dozen red herrings. ‘Here, Tom, grill these sodgers.’

91

1883.  Day, Fishes Gt. Brit., II. 210. A red herring … sailors usually designate … as a sodger, or soldier.

92

  h.  1848.  Johnston, in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club, II. VI. 290. This insect is called a Tant in England. Our children call it the Soldier, from its scarlet colour.

93

1854.  Miss Baker, Northampt. Gloss., Soldier. The small beetle known to entomologists as the Cantharis livida.

94

1858.  Kingsley, Misc. (1859), I. 189. The soldier, the soft-winged reddish beetle which haunts the umbelliferous flowers.

95

1863.  [see SAILOR 3 b].

96

  i.  1898.  ‘R. Boldrewood,’ Rom. Canvas Town, 76. They rode on,… seeing nothing living save … four ‘soldiers’ or forest kangaroo.

97

  j.  1904.  P. Fountain, Gt. North-West, etc., xix. 224. A bird known locally [in Ohio] as ‘the marshal,’ and sometimes ‘the soldier.’… It is a very gaudy woodpecker with a great deal of scarlet in the colour of its plumage.

98

  4.  dial. As a plant-name (see quot.).

99

  See also Fresh-water and Water soldier.

100

1854.  Miss Baker, Northampt. Gloss., Soldier. Another local name for the field poppy, Papaver Rhæas.

101

  5.  A disease of swine characterized by red patches on the skin. (Cf. soldier-disease in 8.)

102

1882.  F. Vacher, Transmiss. Disease by Food, 4. Erysipelas is far from rare among cattle and swine; and passing under such names as … ‘soldier’ is often counted but a trifling ailment.

103

1890.  Lancet, 2 Aug., 217/2. A disorder affecting pigs, called … in Ireland ‘red soldier,’ from the red patches that appear on the skin in fatal cases.

104

  6.  A soldier-line (see 8).

105

1865.  J. C. Wilcocks, Sea-Fisherman (1875), 82. The tide now began to run considerably stronger, and more length on the lines was requisite; I therefore prepared to ‘rig a soldier.’

106

  7.  attrib. and Comb. a. Appositive, as soldier-colonist, -hero, -laddie, -man, etc.

107

1852.  Mundy, Antipodes (1857), 196. The attempt to make the *soldier-colonist a landed proprietor.

108

a. 1892.  Tennyson, in Q. Rev., Oct. (1897), 524. Our great, simple *soldier-hero Gordon.

109

17[?].  Ramsay, Soger Laddie, i. My *soger laddie is over the sea.

110

[1786.  Har’st Rig, xcviii. (1801), 31. The Grey Breeks next, and then she’ll try The Sodger Laddie.

111

1847.  Tennyson, Princess, Prol. 86. While the twangling violin Struck up with Soldier-laddie.]

112

1801.  R. L. & Mar. Edgeworth, Irish Bulls (1803), 153. Some of his *soldiermen being of the company.

113

1893.  Stevenson, Catriona, xxx. 354. I went among soldier-men to their big dinners.

114

1894.  H. Speight, Nidderdale, 187. The original house of the old *soldier-monks at Ribston.

115

1823.  W. Robinson, in J. A. Heraud, Voy. & Mem. Midshipman, vi. (1837), 101–2. In a race we had … against the *soldier-officers … there was a capsize.

116

1808.  Mitford, Hist. Greece, xxviii. § ix. III. 549. [Xenophon] the *soldier-philosopher-author.

117

1830.  Tennyson, To J. M. K., 2. A latter Luther, and a *soldier-priest.

118

1852.  Mundy, Antipodes (1857), 35. The old *soldier-robber remaining doggedly at bay.

119

1892.  T. A. Cook, Old Touraine, I. 10. If there is one thing for which Tours is famous it is for its *soldier-saint.

120

1871.  Swinburne, Songs bef. Sunrise, Blessed among Women, 11. A godlike *soldier-saviour.

121

1872.  Routledge’s Ev. Boy’s Ann., 186/2. An awkward *soldier-servant.

122

  b.  Attributive, as soldier-caste, -city, -class, -craft, etc.

123

1847.  Mrs. A. Kerr, trans. Ranke’s Hist. Servia, 455. The immediate domination of the *soldier-caste.

124

1847.  Tennyson, Princess, V. 7. Threading the *soldier-city.

125

1847.  Mrs. A. Kerr, trans. Ranke’s Hist. Servia, 160. There was no *soldier-class in Servia.

126

1855.  S. Palmer, in Gilchrist, Life Blake, I. 303. That we heard so much of priestcraft, and so little of *soldiercraft and lawyercraft.

127

1844.  Lever, T. Burke, II. 163. Even there, again, I but showed my *soldier education.

128

1814.  Scott, Lord of Isles, III. v. Then do me but the *soldier grace, This glove upon thy helm to place.

129

a. 1835.  Mrs. Hemans, Burial in the Desert, Poems (1875), 517. With a few brief words of *soldier-love.

130

1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. II. ii. How these things may act on the rude *soldier-mind.

131

1810.  Scott, Lady of Lake, VI. ii. At dawn the towers of Stirling rang With *soldier-step and weapon-clang.

132

  c.  Miscellaneous, as soldier-breeder; soldier-hearted, -mad adjs.; soldier-wise adv.

133

1599.  Shaks., Hen. V., V. ii. 219. Thou must therefore needes proue a good Souldier-breeder.

134

1824.  Medwin, Conversat. Byron, II. 206. Lord Byron … became, as one of the letters from the place … expresses it, soldier-mad.

135

1837.  Carlyle, Fr. Rev., II. I. xi. They have shouldered, soldier-wise, their shovels and picks.

136

1848.  Blackw. Mag., March, 353. They were buried soldier-fashion in the same grave.

137

1849.  [W. M. W. Call], Reverb., II. 5. Be thou wise and earnest, good and brave, Soldier-hearted.

138

  8.  Special combs., as soldier-ant, = sense 3 e; soldier-beetle, = sense 3 h; (old) soldier bird, an Australian bird, Myzomela sanguinolenta, with bright red plumage; soldier-bush, = soldier-wood; soldier disease, = sense 5; † soldierfare, military service or experience; soldier-fish, -flies, U.S. (see quots.); † soldier-insect (see quot.); soldier-line (see quot. and cf. sense 6); † soldier money, ? money spent in assisting poor soldiers; soldier-moth, -orchis (see quots.); soldier palmer, an artificial fly used in angling; soldier-pink dial., a minnow; soldier-plant, -thighed a., -wood (see quots.).

139

1857.  Livingstone, Trav., xxvii. 537. I observed many regiments of black *soldier-ants.

140

1855.  Ogilvie, Suppl., *Soldier-beetle, a name given to coleopterous insects of the genus Telephorus.

141

1883.  W. Saunders, Insects Inj. Fruits, 185. The larva of the soldier-beetle, Chauliognathus Americanus..., is also a useful agent in destroying the curculio.

142

1857.  D. Bunce, Australas. Rem., 62. The notes peculiar to the … leather-head or old *soldier bird, added in no small degree to the novelties.

143

1881.  Encycl. Brit., XII. 139. The males are recognizable by a gorgeous display of crimson or scarlet, which has caused one species … to be known as the Soldier-bird to Australian colonists.

144

1878.  Typhoid Fever Order (Privy Council), Typhoid fever of Swine (otherwise called *Soldier disease or red disease).

145

1579–80.  North, Plutarch, Sertorius (1612), 584. The first time of his *souldierfare was, when the Cimbres and Teutons inuaded Gavle.

146

1632.  Holland, Cyrupædia, 43. Whatsoever by their souldier-fare in this expedition, they shall win.

147

1882.  Jordan & Gilbert, Synopsis Fishes N. Amer., 517. Pæcilechthys cæruleus, Blue Darter; Rainbow Darter; *Soldier-fish.

148

1855.  Ogilvie, Suppl., *Soldier-flies, a name given in the United States to flies of the family Stratiomyæ.

149

1699.  Wafer, Voy., 110. There is a sort of Insect like a Snail in great plenty among the Samballoe’s, which is call’d the *Soldier-Insect…, because of the Colour.

150

1865.  J. C. Wilcocks, Sea-Fisherman (1875), (1875), 82–3. A *soldier-line is one of two-stranded hemp twine, having for a sinker a two-pound Mackerel plummet, and is made fast to a strong flexible stick [etc.].

151

1593.  Churchw. Acc. Pittington, etc. (Surtees), 35. Item given to Roberte Morie for *Soldier monie (as he cald it) the xxiiij of November, xiij d. Ibid. (1603), 52. Item given to Thomas Kinge for Souldere monie the last day of March, viij s. viij d.

152

1882.  Cassell’s Nat. Hist., VI. 67. The *Soldier Moth (Euschema militaris) is the commonest.

153

1863.  Prior, Plant-n., *Soldier orchis, from a fancied resemblance in it to a soldier, Orchis militaris.

154

1839.  T. C. Hofland, Brit. Angler’s Man., xi. (1841), 164. The house-fly and small *soldier palmer.

155

1867.  F. Francis, Angling, vi. (1880), 245. Soldier Palmer. A capital fly in warm weather.

156

1854.  Miss Baker, Northampt. Gloss., *Soldier-pink. The minnow, called by ichthyologists the Cyprynus Proxinus.

157

1864.  Grisebach, Flora Brit. W. Ind., 787/2. *Soldier-plant: Calliandra purpurea.

158

1825.  Jamieson, Suppl., *Sodger-thee’d, having little or no money in one’s pocket. [Cf. soldier’s thigh in 9.]

159

1823.  Crabb, Technol. Dict., II. *Soldier-wood,… the Mimosa purpurea of Linnæus.

160

1824.  Loudon, Encycl. Gard. (ed. 2), 1223/1. Soldier-wood, inga purpurea.

161

1866.  Treas. Bot., 1071/2. Soldier-wood, Calliandra purpurea.

162

  9.  Possessive combs., as † soldier’s bottle, a bottle of extra size; † soldier’s boy, a camp-follower; † soldier’s cloth, coarse cloth; soldier’s heart, Path., a diseased state of the heart, characterized by a throbbing sensation in the chest and a difficulty in breathing; † soldier’s mawnd, slang (see quots.); soldier’s spots, Path., a variety of macula; soldier’s supper, a smoke and a drink of water; soldier’s thigh, dial. (see quot., and cf. soldier-thighed in 8); soldier’s wind, a wind that serves either way.

163

a. 1700.  B. E., Dict. Cant. Crew, *Soldier’s-bottle, a large one.

164

1731–8.  Swift, Polite Conv., 177. I hope, you’ll give me a Soldier’s Bottle.

165

1611.  Cotgr., Goujat, a *Souldiors boy…. Goujaterie, Souldiors boyes, or the young rakehells that follow a Campe.

166

1753.  Hanway, Trav., II. II. xxvi. 156. The advantage in favour of the British subjects in Russia … is about one third part in the customs of *soldiers cloths.

167

1898.  Allbutt’s Syst. Med., V. 851. *Soldier’s heart.—I venture to give this name to a disease well-known to physicians in the army.

168

a. 1700.  B. E., Dict. Cant. Crew, *Souldiers-Mawn’d, a Counterfeit Sore or Wound in the Left Arm.

169

1785.  Grose, Dict. Vulgar T., Soldiers mawnd, a pretended soldier, begging with a counterfeit wound.

170

1873.  Dunglison’s Dict. Med. Sci., *Soldier’s spots, Maculæ albæ.

171

1893.  J. A. Barry, Steve Brown’s Bunyip, 31. A bite o’ rotten bread for breakfus, ditto for dinner, an’ a *soldier’s supper.

172

1841.  Hartshorne, Salop. Ant., Gloss., *Soldier’s thigh, a slang term for an empty pocket.

173

1833.  Marryat, P. Simple, xvi. The wind was what is called at sea a *soldier’s wind, that is, blowing so that the ships could lie either way, so as to run out or into the harbour.

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1893.  H. M. Doughty, Wherry in Wendish Lands, 312. Thence down the Schwielow See, with a light soldier’s wind, we crept contentedly to past the Gänse horn.

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  b.  In various plant-names, as soldier’s cap, cullion, herb, tea, weed, woundwort, yarrow.

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1854.  Miss Baker, Northampt. Gloss., *Soldier’s caps. The flowers of the monkshood.

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1597.  Gerarde, Herball, I. ci. 166. *Souldiers Cullions hath many leaues spred vpon the ground, but lesser than the souldiers Satyrion.

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1760.  J. Lee, Introd. Bot., App. 317. Soldier’s Cullions, Orchis.

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1601.  Holland, Pliny, II. 204. The herb which they cal Militaris [marg. The *soulders hearbe].

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1611.  Florio, Herba militare, the souldiers hearbe.

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1893.  Dunglison’s Dict. Med. Sci., Matico, *Soldier’s tea or herb; South American herb, order Piperaceæ.

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1851.  Dunglison, Ibid. (ed. 4), *Soldier’s weed [1893 wood], Matico.

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1866.  Sowerby’s Eng. Bot., V. 58. It [yarrow] was formerly esteemed as a vulnerary, and its old names of *‘soldier’s wound-wort’ and ‘knight’s milfoil’ bear witness to this.

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1578.  Lyte, Dodoens, I. ci. 143. The second is called … in English … *souldiers Yerrow.

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1597.  Gerarde, Herball, II. cclxxxv. 677. Militaris aquatica, and Militaris Aizoides, or Soldiers Yarrow.

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