Forms: α. 3–5 iuys, (4 iuyshe, iwisch, iwissh, wisch), 5 iuwys, yuis, 6–7 iuyce, iuice, 7 juyce, 7– juice. β. 4–6 ius, iuse, (5 iwce), 5–6 iuce, iwse, (6 ieuse). γ. 5 ious, iows, iowce, 5–6 iowse. δ. 5 ioys, (ioissh), 6 ioyse, 6–7 ioyce, 7 joice. [a. F. jus, ad. L. jūs broth, sauce, juice of animal or plant. The β forms are normal from F.; with the others cf. those of duke, flute, jupe, and bruit, fruit.]
1. The watery or liquid part of vegetables or fruits, which can be expressed or extracted; commonly containing the characteristic flavor and other properties.
α. c. 1290. S. Eng. Leg., I. 360/52. Iuys of smal-Ache do þar-to.
c. 1400. trans. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh., 83. Oynement maad of myrre, and of þe iuwys of þe herbe þat ys clepyd bletes.
1460–70. Bk. Quintessence, 20. Þe yuis of þe eerbe þat is callid morsus galline rubri.
1533. Elyot, Cast. Helthe, II. xiv. The iuyce of theym [oranges] is colde in the second degre.
1596. Spenser, F. Q., IV. i. 31. Like withered tree that wanteth iuyce [rhyme flowre-deluce].
a. 1626. Bacon, New Atl. (1900), 38. Wines we have of Grapes; and Drinkes of other Iuyce. Ibid. (1626), Sylva, § 633. The Iuyces of Fruits are either Watry, or Oyly.… Those that haue Oyly Iuyce, are; Oliues, Almonds, Nuts of all sorts, Pine-Apples, &c. And their Iuyces are all Inflammable.
1673. Ray, Journ. Low C., Venice, 204. They take the juyce of Beet.
1884. Bower & Scott, De Bary’s Phaner., 192. The peculiar juice which flows from milky plants.
β. 1390. Gower, Conf., II. 266. And tho sche tok vnto his vs Of herbes al the beste ius.
c. 1420. Pallad. on Husb., II. 206. Vche herbe in his colour, odour, & Iuce [rhyme letuce].
c. 1490. Iwse [see quot. c. 1440 in γ].
1513. Douglas, Æneis, XII. vii. 90. The hailsum ius of herb ambrosyane.
1528. Paynel, Salerne’s Regim., aj b. Celendine, whose ieuse is citrine.
1553. Brende, Q. Curtius, S iv. A iuse which they wringe out of Sesama.
1570. Levins, Manip., 182/15. Iuce of herbes, succus.
γ. c. 1400. trans. Secreta Secret., Gov. Lordsh., 84. Take þe iowse of þe poume-garnet swete, xxv Rotes, and of þe Iowse of swet appelys, x Rotes.
a. 1400–50. Alexander, 339. Þe ious out he wrengis.
c. 1440. Promp. Parv., 265/2. Iows of frutys, or herbys … [MS. K. (c. 1490) iowse or iwse], ius, succus.
1530. Palsgr., 235/1. Iowse of an herbe, jus.
δ. 14[?]. Voc., in Wr.-Wülcker, 564/40. Aporima, ioys of gras.
c. 1450. Two Cookery-bks., 116. Ioissh of persely or malves.
1553. Eden, Treat. Newe Ind. (Arb.), 34. The humoure or ioyse which droppeth out of the braunches of the date trees.
1565–73. Cooper, Thesaurus, s.v. Dens, The ioyse anointed healeth the toothache.
Mod. Sc. (Edinb., Peebles, Roxb., etc.) Joice, as ’bacca joice, the joice o’ reid currans.
b. spec. that of the grape, made into wine.
1387. Trevisa, Higden (Rolls), IV. 121. And schewede hem þe juse of grapes and of buries.
1606. Shaks., Ant. & Cl., V. ii. 285. No more The iuyce of Egypts Grape shall moyst this lip.
1732. Pope, Ess. Man, I. 136. Annual for me, the grape, the rose renew The juice nectareous, and the balmy dew.
1813. Scott, Trierm., II. ix. She raised the cup—‘Not this the juice The sluggish vines of earth produce.’
1828. P. Cunningham, N. S. Wales (ed. 3), II. 206. An over-dose of the juice.
2. The fluid part or moisture of an animal body or substance; now usually in pl. the various liquid constituents of the body, the bodily ‘humours’; also used in sing. in the names of the digestive secretions (gastric j., intestinal j., pancreatic j.).
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R., V. xxxviii. (Bodl. MS.). Þe lyuour … fongiþ Ious [W. de W. Ius], woos, and humour wherof blood is bred.
1533. Elyot, Cast. Helthe, I. (1541), 14. Somme [meat and drink] is good, which maketh good iuyce, and good bloudde: some is ylle and ingendreth yll iuyce and yll bloudde.
1675. Traherne, Chr. Ethics, 325. The four humors of choler, melancholy, flegm, and blood are generally known: but there are many other juyces talkt of besides.
1692. Bentley, Boyle Lect., iii. 82. Marrow and Fat and Blood, and other Nutritious Juices.
1774. Goldsm., Nat. Hist. (1776), II. 128. The man who dies of hunger, may be said to be poisoned by the juices of his own body.
1899. J. Cagney, trans. Jaksch’s Clin. Diagn., v. (ed. 4), 171. The intestinal juice is a mixed secretion derived from several glands.
3. More generally, The moisture or liquid naturally contained in or coming from anything.
c. 1420. Pallad. on Husb., I. 240. Lette hem drie unslayn, and vp they drinke The londes iuce.
1503. in Surtees Misc. (1888), 30. The fylthe and juse that discendes … frome the sade stye.
c. 1586. C’tess Pembroke, Ps. CIV. vii. Oile, whose iuyce unplaites the folded brow.
c. 1645. Howell, Lett. (1688), IV. 489. It is the pure juyce of the Bee.
1695. Woodward, Nat. Hist. Earth, IV. (1723), 239. An Account of the mineral Juyces in the Earth.
1842. J. Aiton, Dom. Econ. (1857), 171. So that the juice may run from the pig-sty down upon the dry coal ashes.
4. In figurative uses; usually denoting the essence or ‘spirit’ of something, in which its characteristic qualities are found, or which renders it useful, agreeable or interesting.
c. 1380. Wyclif, Serm., Sel. Wks. II. 67. Þo prestis þat geten out juys of Goddis word.
1553. T. Wilson, Rhet. (1580), 172. An oration is made to seme right excellent by the kinde self, by the colour and iuice of speeche.
1642. Rogers, Naaman, 127. The very spirit and roote of bitternesse, which giveth joice and nourishment to all branches.
1790. Burke, Fr. Rev., 18. A theory, pickled in the preserving juices of pulpit eloquence.
1895. Gladstone, in Evang. Mag., Jan. The juice and sap of the Evangelical teaching … I mean by its juice and sap, the positive and not the negative part of its teaching.
† b. The emoluments or profits of a profession or office. Obs. colloq.
c. 1523. Latimer, Lett. to Baynton, in Foxe, A. & M. (1583), 1740. If I would … gather up my ioyse, as wee call it, warely and narrowly, and yet neyther preache for it in mine owne Cure nor yet otherwhere.
1609. Sir E. Hoby, Lett. to T. H[iggons], 23. That the parochial endowments … are … too little, to afford sufficient ioyce to those infinite superficiall students.
† 5. Broth. [rendering L. jūs.] Obs. rare.
1388. Wyclif, Isa. lxv. 4. It is a puple … which eten swynes fleisch, and vnhooli iwisch [v.rr. iwce, iuyshe, iwissh, wisch; 1382 broth].
6. Comb.
1800. Lamb, Lett. to Manning, in Talfourd, Lett. (1837), I. 190. The ‘Falstaff’s Letters’ are a bundle of the sharpest, queerest, profoundest humours, of any these juice-drained latter times have spawned.
a. 1847. Eliza Cook, Harvest Song, iv. Rich and bursting juice-drops run On the vineyard earth in streams.
1895. Daily News, 21 Sept., 6/1. A … tobacco-chewing, juice-squirting, tippling Westerner.
