a. and sb. [ad. med. or mod.L. jugulār-is, f. L. jugul-um collar-bone, neck, throat: see -AR.]
A. adj. 1. Anat. Of, pertaining to, or situated in the neck or throat; esp. an epithet of the great veins of the neck, as the external jugular vein, which conveys the blood from the superficial parts of the head, and the internal jugular vein, which conveys it from the inside of the skull.
1597. A. M., trans. Guillemeau’s Fr. Chirurg., xij b/2. The Iugulare or organicke vayne.
1643. J. Steer, trans. Exp. Chyrurg., xiii. 52. Apply Leeches … unto the jugular veynes in the necke.
1655. Stanley, Hist. Philos., III. (1701), 95/2. A Physiognomist … said he was stupid, because there were obstructions in his jugular parts.
1767. Gooch, Treat. Wounds, I. 335. Neither of the carotid arteries, or internal jugular veins were opened.
1831. R. Knox, Cloquet’s Anat., 51. Behind this, is a square eminence, covered with cartilage, which is articulated to the temporal bone, and is named the Jugular process.
1855. Holden, Hum. Osteol. (1878), 58. Immediately external to the condyles, the bone forms on each side a projection, termed the jugular eminence.
2. Ichthyol. Of a fish: Having the ventral fins situated in front of the pectoral, i.e., in the region of the throat; said also of a ventral fin so situated.
1766. Pennant, Zool. (1769), III. 31. I have copied the great sections of the Bony Fish into Apodal, Jugular [etc.].
1774. Goldsm., Nat. Hist. (1860), II. III. i. 294/1. The ventral fins placed more forward than the pectoral fins, as in the haddock, and then the animal is a Jugular-fish.
1875. Blake, Zool., 185. In some fishes their relative position is in front of the pectorals, when they obtain technically the name of jugular fins.
B. sb. 1. Anat. Short for jugular vein.
1615. Crooke, Body of Man, 435. Veines from the outward braunch of the external iugulars.
1707. Floyer, Physic. Pulse-Watch, 23. I cut the Jugular of a Dog.
1873. Mivart, Elem. Anat., x. 422. A great trunk, the innominate, is thus formed (by the union of the two jugulars and the subclavian) on each side of the body.
2. Ichthyol. A jugular fish: see A. 2.
1835. Kirby, Hab. & Inst. Anim., I. ii. 110. The tribe of Jugulars … whose ventral fins are nearer the mouth than the pectoral.
