Chem. Abbreviation of ANTHRACENE (or stem Anthrac-) forming compound names of the Anthracene derivatives. The chief are the following:—
Anthrachrysone [Gr. χρυσός gold], one of the tetra-oxy-anthraquinones, obtained as a golden-yellow crystalline powder, by the dry distillation of dioxybenzoic acid. Anthraflavic Acid, and Anthraflavone [L. flāvus yellow], two di-oxy-anthraquinones, isomeric with alizarine, the former crystallizing in bright yellow silky needles, the latter in small yellow needles; the salts of the former are Anthraflavates. Anthranilic [ANIL] Acid, systematically called Phenyl-carbamic, C7H7NO2, obtained from indigo. Anthraphenol, a derivative of anthracene, in which one H atom is replaced by HO, having the two metameric modifications Anthrol, and Anthranol. Anthrapurpurin [PURPURIN], a red coloring matter obtained from artificial alizarin. Anthraquinone, C14H8O2″, a compound related to anthracene as quinone is to benzene, produced by oxidation of anthracene, hence also called Oxy-anthracene; it crystallizes in pale yellow needles, and is of great importance as the immediate source of artificial alizarin. It has numerous compounds, as nitro-, and oxy-anthraquinones, etc.
1875. Watts, Dict. Chem., VII. 86. Anthrachrysone dyes on iron-mordants a brown colour. Ibid., 87. Barium anthraflavate crystallises in reddish-brown hydrated needles. Ibid. Alkaline, as well as alcoholic solutions of anthraflavic acid, absorb the blue end of the spectrum very powerfully. Ibid. (1879), VIII. 107. Anthraflavone acts like a bibasic acid.
1881. Roscoe, in Nature, XXIV. 228/2. By boiling indigo with soda and manganese dioxide, he [Fritsche] obtained … as he then [1841] termed it, anthranilic acid.
1879. Watts, Dict. Chem., VIII. 97. α-Anthrol crystallises in brilliant yellow needles … β-Anthrol … in yellow prisms.—Anthranol crystallizes in yellowish needles.
1875. Ure, Dict. Arts, I. 195. The anthrapurpurin reds being much purer and less blue, whilst the purples are bluer and the blacks more intense than those with alizarine.
1869. Roscoe, Elem. Chem., xxxix. 424. Both [alizarine and purpurine] are hydroxyl derivatives of anthraquinone, and they can both be reduced to anthracene by the action of zinc dust.
1881. Athenæum, 17 Dec., 819/2. Artificial alizarine is prepared at the positive pole from a mixture of anthraquinone and caustic potash.
