v. Also 5–6 exclud, 5 pa. pple. exclud, 6 Sc. excluid. [ad. L. exclūdĕ-re to shut out, f. ex- out + claudĕre to shut.]
I. To bar or keep out (what is already outside).
1. trans. To shut out (persons, living things), hinder from entering (a place, enclosure, society, etc.). Const. from, † out of, and † with double obj. by omission of from.
c. 1440. York Myst., xv. 32. The force of the feende to felle in sighte, And all his pouer excluded shulde be.
c. 1465. Eng. Chron. (Camden), 10. Thi childryn shall be disheritid, and excludid fro the parlement … for evirmore.
1526. Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W., 1531), 7 b. Therby all menkynde was vtterly lost and excluded out of paradyse.
1635. Pagitt, Christianogr. (1640), 132. And far be it from us to beleeve that all these Christians are excluded heaven, & plunged into hell for not submitting themselves onely to the Bishop of Rome.
1670. R. Coke, Disc. Trade, 71. Plato … excluded every one his School who was ignorant in Geometry.
1697. Dryden, Virg. Georg., II. 512/86. Exclude th’ incroaching Cattle from thy Ground.
1708. J. Chamberlayne, St. Gt. Brit., II. I. i. (1741), 329. The first Occasion of building the Roman Wall … was … to exclude the Scotish Highlanders.
1722. Sewel, Hist. Quakers (1795), I. II. 144. Out of God’s kingdom you are excluded.
1870. Yeats, Nat. Hist. Comm., 170. Nobody was excluded who laid down his penny at the bar.
1879. Lubbock, Sci. Lect., iii. 96. We … find in flowers various modes … of excluding ants.
b. To shut out, prevent the entrance of (noise, air, light, etc.).
1598. Barret, Theor. Warres, IV. ii. 105. All rumour and lowd noises are to be excluded.
1664. Evelyn, Kal. Hort. (1729), 190. When Branches are so thick … that they … exclude the sun and air.
1704. Pope, Windsor For., 18. Waving groves … part admit, and part exclude the day.
1885. Law Times, LXXIX. 366/2. Hoods will also be fitted over the tops of the doors so as to further exclude the draught.
2. With an immaterial thing as obj.: To shut out, give no place to; to prevent the existence, occurrence or use of. Const. from, and with double obj.
1382. Wyclif, Rom., 1st Prol. Lest happili hate of the prelatis name, shulde exclude the profit of the lessoun.
1393. Gower, Conf., III. 366. None arte … Through which it mighte ben excluded, That he ne was fully concluded To love.
1450–1530. Myrr. Our Ladye, 59. Iesu cryst wyllyng that all suche songe shulde be excluded from thys order.
1545. Joye, Exp. Dan., xii. 220. Wherfore our faithe stayed vpon god … excludeth al maner a doute.
1604. Rowlands, Looke to It, 44. Eate, drinke, be merry … Exclude all Pittie, Conscience, and Remorce.
1729. Butler, Serm., Wks. 1874, II. 50. It is impossible that this subject should be wholly excluded conversation.
1794. Mrs. Radcliffe, Myst. Udolpho, I. v. 133. Sometimes, the thick foliage excluded all view of the country.
1841–4. Emerson, Ess., Poet, Wks. (Bohn), I. 160. The vocabulary of an omniscient man would embrace words and images excluded from polite conversation.
b. To shut out or reject from consideration, notice or use.
1594. Hooker, Eccl. Pol., II. v. (1611), 63. And so exclude the rest of the Scripture.
1612. Brinsley, Lud. Lit., Addr. to Rdr. Not hereby excluding the better way when it is found.
1632. J. Hayward, trans. Biondi’s Eromena, 148. The world … excludes those things for which it can give no reason.
c. Not to admit of, to leave no room for, be incompatible with, the presence of (a material or immaterial object). Also † To exclude out.
1625. Bp. Mountagu, App. Cæsar., 104. The freedome of will doth not exclude out GOD’s prerogative royall.
1690. Locke, Hum. Und., II. iv. § 2. 48. A solid Substance … excludes all other solid Substances.
1736. Butler, Anal., I. vi. Wks. 1874, I. 112. This Necessity does not exclude deliberation.
1771. Junius Lett., lxi. (1820), 318. He is fond of introducing … any law that contradicts or excludes the common law of England.
1875. Jowett, Plato (ed. 2), I. 407. The number three excludes the number four.
1884. H. Spencer, in 19th Cent., XV. 7. Absolute indifference excludes the conception of will.
3. To shut off, debar from; to preclude, prohibit. † Formerly const. of; also to with inf.
1495. Act 11 Hen. VII., c. 40. Preamb., The same Erle is excluded to have or enjoye the seid Manoris.
a. 1533. Ld. Berners, Gold. Bk. M. Aurel. (1539), Prol. ad fin., Euery wyse man … wyll not saye that I am the principall auctour of this warke, nor yet … exclude me clene from it.
1538. Starkey, England, I. ii. 34. He ys therby excludyd also from the vse and vtward exercyse almost of al vertue.
1574. trans. Littleton’s Tenures, 52 a. Theye bee excluded duringe their lyves to defete the particion.
a. 1626. Bacon, Max. & Uses Com. Law, ii. (1636), 7. These were to exclude him utterly of his right.
1656. B. Harris, Parival’s Iron Age, 107. Francis of Vaudemont being next heir by the said [i.e., Salic] Law, which excludes Females.
1667. Milton, P. L., III. 202. And none but such from mercy I exclude.
1737. Whiston, Josephus’ Hist., IV. vii. § 4. Placidus’s concern was to exclude them … from getting into the village.
1759. Robertson, Hist. Scot., I. III. 169. They laboured to exclude the English from the treaty of Chateau en Cambresis.
1856. Kane, Arct. Expl., II. ii. 29. Here, completely excluded from the knowledge of things without.
† b. with double obj. Obs.
1692. Locke, Toleration, iii. Wks. 1727, II. 333. Excluding them the ordinary and probable Means of Conversion.
a. 1718. Penn, Tracts, Wks. 1726, I. 547. Professors of Christianity, that exclude both such Men, and such Knowledge the Kingdom of God.
4. To leave out, omit purposely, except (from a category, list, the scope of a proposition or enactment, etc.); ‘not to comprehend in any grant or privilege’ (J.). Const. from, † out of; also simply.
c. 1400. Purif. Marie, in Tundale’s Vis. (1843), 129. Thys meyde … Excluded was for condycion.
1689. C. Hatton, in Hatton Corr. (1878), II. 131. Ye author … is threaten’d by Sr. Robt. to be excluded out of ye Act of indemnity.
1707. Curios. in Husb. & Gard., 118. Having excluded them from the Society of Men, he places them among the Savage and cruel Beasts.
1724. [see 5].
1755. in Johnson.
† b. To let off, relieve, exempt (a person) from an obligation). Obs. rare.
1632. J. Hayward, trans. Biondi’s Eromena, 83. Excluded and exempted from the debt which others owe by the common law of nature.
c. Of a word, term, proposition, etc.: To shut out of or not to include in its scope, application or meaning.
1532. More, Confut. Tindale, Wks. 384/1. If saint James sayd that god had begotten vs by his goodnes, do these wordes exclude al the meanes that hys goodnesse vsed toward it.
1659. Pearson, Creed, 332. Now when we say the Conception of our Saviour was wrought by the operation of the Spirit, it will be necessary to observe, first, what is excluded by that attribution to the Spirit.
1862. H. Spencer, First Princ., I. iv. § 26 (1875), 87. Excluding as they [these propositions] do an all-important fact.
1882. Seeley, Nat. Relig., I. iv. (1891), 85. Nature … excludes the whole domain of human feeling.
5. The pr. pple. used absol.
a. = ‘To the exclusion of.’ † b. = EXCEPTING.
1660. R. Coke, Power & Subj., 76. Whatsoever the son does acquire, it is his own, excluding his Father.
1724. R. Falconer, Voy., Adv. & Escapes (1769), 273. A Court Marshall … found them guilty of Cowardice, excluding Constable.
II. In pregnant sense; to expel and shut out.
6. To put out (of a room, a society, a possession, etc.), to banish, expel. Const. † out of, from; also with double object and simply.
1388. Wyclif, Num. xii. 15. So Marie was excludid [1382 putte] out of the tentis.
a. 1400–50. Alexander, 2842. In pacience possede at he miȝt [þan] Be excludit [Dublin MS. exclud] out of his erd.
1531. Elyot, Gov., II. xii. II. 154. They excluded him out of their counsayle.
1604. in Eng. Gilds (1870), 435. If any man be lawfully seazed … of any tenement … he shall never be excluded … but by the kings writ.
1667. Marvell, Corr., lxxix. Wks. 1872–5, II. 224. They voted that he be excluded the House.
1777. Robertson, Hist. Amer. (1778), I. III. 229. As Las Casas excepted against the members of the council of the Indies,… they were all excluded.
1850. Prescott, Peru, II. 133. They then caused the women to be excluded from the church.
7. a. After L. excludere ova. To draw, put or thrust forth from (a receptacle); to hatch (chickens, etc.); also fig.; to give birth to (young), to lay (eggs). Also † of the midwife: To extract. Const. from, out of.
c. 1400. Lanfranc’s Cirurg., 117. If that ony þing of corrumpcioun abide þe place schal be opened wiþ an instrument, & so schal þe quyttur be excludid.
1603. Holland, Plutarch’s Mor., 53. To rid and exclude the winde and aire out of leather bagges or bladders wherewith they are puft and blowen up.
1610. Guillim, Heraldry, III. xvii. (1660), 208. Spiders … are no sooner hatched and excluded out of their egs, but forthwith they practise to make webs.
1650. Sir T. Browne, Pseud. Ep. (ed. 2), III. xxvii. 151. A Cock will in one day fertilitate the whole racemation or cluster of egges, which are not excluded in many weeks after.
1684. trans. Bonet’s Merc. Compit., I. 2/1. The next day she excluded the Fœtus that was four months old.
1713. Derham, Phys. Theol., VII. iv. 393. The Eggs of the Ostrich … are cherished only by the heat of the Sun till the Young be excluded.
1721. Bradley, Philos. Acc. Wks. Nat., 59. The … male [fish] covers it [the egg] with a prolifick Juice as soon as it is excluded from the Body of the Female.
1754–64. Smellie, Midwif., I. Introd. 8. He describes the method of excluding the Fœtus.
1851. Darwin, Cirripedia, I. 10. In some cases … the larvæ, when first excluded from the egg, have not an eye.
† b. To discharge, void. Obs.
1677. Plot, Oxfordsh., 196. Who out of the corners of her eyes excluded a sort of congealed matter.
