Pl. wood-lice. [f. WOOD sb.1 + LOUSE sb.]
1. A small isopod crustacean of the genus Oniscus or family Oniscidæ; esp. the common species O. asellus, found in old wood, under stones, etc., and having the property of rolling itself up into a ball; also called † cheeselip, hog-louse, slater, sow-bug, etc.
1611. Cotgr., s.v. Anthoine, The vermine called, a Ches-lop, or Wood-louse.
1663. Boyle, Usef. Exp. Nat. Philos., II. 154. Those vile Insects commonly called in English, Wood-lice, or Sows.
1725. Swift, Wood an Insect, 3. An Insect they call a Wood-Louse, That folds up itself in itself for a House.
1844. Hood, Haunted House, 177. The wood-louse dropped and rolled into a ball.
1869. Mrs. I. L. Bishop, Notes on Old Edinb., 11. The walls were black and rotten, and alive with woodlice.
2. Locally or occas. applied to various other small invertebrates found in woodwork or in woods, or resembling the crustacean described in 1.
a. A white ant or termite. b. A species of infusorian. c. One or more species of mite or other parasite. d. Various insects of the family Psocidæ, as the book-louse and death-watch. e. A milleped of the family Glomeridæ; a pill-milleped.
1666. J. Davies, Hist. Caribby Isles, 149. A kind of Ant bred of rotten wood, and thence some call them Wood-lice.
1769. Ellis, in Phil. Trans., LIX. 150. The volvox oniscus, or wood-louse.
1770. J. R. Forster, trans. Kalms Trav. N. Amer. (1772), II. 133. Wood-lice (Acarus Americanus, Linn.) abound here.
1781. [see wood-ant, WOOD sb.1 10 b].
1819. D. B. Warden, Acc. United States, I. 496. Musquitoes and wood-lice [note, Acarus Americanus] are most troublesome in thickly wooded vallies. Ibid., II. 525. The wood louse, or Chigo, or Bete Rouge, (Acanus sanguinis).
1825. Jamieson, Wood-louse, a book-worm.
1863. Wood, Illustr. Nat. Hist., III. 631. The Great Sea-slater or Sea-woodlouse. Ibid., 632. The well-known Pill-woodlouse.
3. attrib.
1796. Stedman, Surinam, II. xxv. 234. The bird, which the negroes called woodo-louso-fowlo, from its feeding on wood-lice. Ibid. (Illustration), The Yellow Woodpecker or Wood-louse fowl.
1817. Kirby & Sp., Entomol., xxiii. (1818), II. 307. The woodlouse tribe (Oniscidæ).
1854. A. Adams, etc., Man. Nat. Hist., 267. Woodlouse-Millipedes (Glomeridæ).
1859. P. P. Carpenter, in Rep. Smithsonian Instit. (1860), 207. Chitonidæ or Woodlouse shells.