ppl. a. and sb. [ad. L. adjunct-us pa. pple. of adjungĕre to join to; f. ad to + jung-ĕre to join.]
A. adj. Joined or added (to anything); connected, annexed; subordinate.
1595. Shaks., John, III. iii. 57. Though that my death were adiunct to my Act By heauen I would doe it. Ibid. (c. 1600), Sonnets, xci. Euery humor hath his adiunct pleasure.
1827. Southey, in Q. Rev., XXXV. 191. Underived as it is from any parent or adjunct dialect.
1870. Bowen, Logic, v. 144. Whether the adjunct word or clause is to be considered as Explicative or Limitative.
B. sb. (Cf. L. adjunctum and Fr. adjoint.)
1. Something joined to or connected with another, and subordinate to it in position, function, character, or essence; either as auxiliary to it, or essentially depending upon it.
1588. Shaks., L. L. L., IV. iii. 314. Learning is but an adiunct to our selfe, And where we are, our Learning likewise is.
a. 1677. Barrow, Serm., Wks. 1716, II. 103. His folly ariseth from worse causes, hath worse adjuncts, produceth worse effects.
1794. Paley, Evid., III. viii. (1817), 387. Other articles of the Christian faith … are only the adjuncts and circumstances of this.
1846. Grote, Greece (1862), II. iii. 61. Each with its cluster of dependent towns as adjuncts.
1875. Stubbs, Const. Hist., II. xvi. 369. The king … confirms the charters with their adjuncts.
2. A person joined to another in some office or service; spec. applied to a class of Associates of the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris, instituted in 1716.
1651. Reliq. Wotton., Essex & Buckingham, 5. He made him the associate of his Heir apparent, together with the Lord Cottington (as an adjunct of singular experience and trust) in forraine travailes.
1751. Chambers, Cycl., s.v. Academy, Establishing a new class of twelve adjuncts to the six several kinds of sciences cultivated by the Academy. Ibid. (1753), Cycl. Supp., Adjuncts of the gods … were a kind of inferior deities … To Mars was adjoined Bellona and Nemesis.
1831. Scott, Kenilw., xxv. (1853), 254. Said his unexpected adjunct.
1877. Monthly Packet, XXIV. 373. This employment of Colleagues, or rather Adjuncts, in the duties of the office.
3. A personal addition or enhancement; a quality increasing a man’s native worth.
1610. Healey, St. Aug., City of God, 342. The midlemost are divine, and happy adjuncts of the wise man onely.
1635. Naunton, Fragm. Reg., in Phenix (1708), I 205. A Gentleman, that … had also the Adjuncts of a strong and subtil Capacity.
1821. Byron, Mar. Fal., IV. i. (1868), 334. There Youth, which needed not, nor thought of such Vain adjuncts, lavish’d its true bloom, and health.
4. A qualifying addition to a word or name.
1608. Norden, Surveyor’s Dial., 176. If a man should aske a Scholler … what adiunct he would giue vnto a man, dwelling in a Country village or house: hee would say hee were Villanus or Villaticus.
1622. Heylin, Cosmogr., III. (1673), 5/2. Called from hence Pontus by the Latines, the adjunct of Euxinus coming on another occasion.
1876. Freeman, Norm. Conq., I. App. 534. Almost always coupled with one of its geographical adjuncts ‘West,’ ‘East,’ or ‘South.’
5. Gram. Any word or words expanding the essential parts of the sentence; an amplification or ‘enlargement’ of the subject, predicate, etc.
1589. Nashe, Alm. for Parrat, 5. His auncient burlibond adiunctes, that so pester his former edition with their vnweldie phrase.
1751. Chambers, Cycl., Adjuncts, in rhetoric and grammar, are certain words or things added to others; to amplify the discourse or augment its force.
1881. Mason, Eng. Gram., 149. The basis and type of the Adverbial Adjunct is a substantive in an oblique case, used to limit or define the signification of a verb or adjective.
6. Logic. Anything added to the essence of a thing; an accompanying quality or circumstance; a non-essential attribute.
1588. Fraunce, Lawiers Logike, I. ii. 5 b. Who thinke that Judgement is not any severall part of Logike, but rather an adjunct or propertie generally incident to the whole Art.
1628. T. Spencer, Logick, 57. An adiunct is that to which something is subiected, and whatsoever doth externally belong, or happen to any subiect.
1833. I. Taylor, Fanat., iii. 60. The one species of ardent emotion differs from the other more in adjuncts and objects, than in innate quality or character.
