Forms: 34 acunt, 4 acont, 46 acount(e, 56 acompt(e, accownt(e, 5 accompt, 6 account. [a. OFr. acunt, acont, later acompt account, f. à to + cont:late L. compt-um, cl. L. comput-um a calculation, f. computā-re to calculate: see prec. Cf. also OFr. acunte, aconte, later aconpte, accompte account, f. vb. acunter, accompter, to account; see prec. The senses of both are found in the Eng. word. The refashioned Fr. spelling accompt of 15th c. also passed into Eng., was favored in 67, and is even now sometimes met with in the arithmetical sense.]
I. Counting, reckoning.
1. Counting, reckoning, enumeration, computation, calculation. Now chiefly in a few phrases: To cast accounts, to revolve or make calculations, to calculate; Money of account, denominations of money used in reckoning, but not current as coins.
c. 1305. E. E. Poems (1862), 50. Eiȝte hondred ȝer & neoȝentene: bi acountes riȝte.
a. 1360. A Song of Yesterday, 66, in E. E. Poems, 135. And in vr hertes acountès cast Day bi day.
1477. Norton, Ordin. Alch. (Ashm. 1652), v. 84. Twenty-six Weekes proved by accompt.
1570. Billingsley, Euclid, V. Introd. 126. Arithmetique, the arte of accomptes and reckoning.
1597. Morley, Introd. Musicke, 86. It is twentie miles by account from London to Ware.
1601. Holland, Pliny (1634), I. 74. The Greekes and Chaldeans account of yeares.
1611. Bible, Eccl. vii. 27. Counting one by one to finde out the account.
1612. Brerewood, Lang. & Relig., xiii. 140. Five miles of descent in perpendicular account.
1616. Surflet & Markh., Countrey Farme, 397. Women with child, and neere their accompts.
1632. Massinger, Maid of Hon., II. ii. You are in a wrong account still.
1662. H. More, Antid. ag. Ath. (1712), I. ii. 12. When he has cast up his account.
1664. G. M., in Marvells Corr., Wks. 18725, II. 103. Which according to the Moscovite accompt was the third hour of the day.
1691. Locke, Money, Wks. 1727, II. 72. I have spoke of Silver Coin alone, because that makes the Money of Account.
1711. Addison, Spect., No. 25. ¶ 2. As for the remaining Parts of the Pound, I keep no accompt of them.
1741. Richardson, Pamela (1824), I. i. 17. My ladys goodness had put me to write and cast accompts.
1742. Pope, Poet. Wks. (Tauchn. 1848), 286. This day Toms fair account has run to eighty one.
1844. Lingard, Hist. Anglo-Saxon Ch. (1858), II. 391. From the coinage we now proceed to moneys of account.
1871. Davies, Metric System, III. 204. The weights for account are different from the weights for trade.
Mod. Writing good, dictation very good, quick at accounts.
II. Reckoning of money received and paid.
2. A reckoning as to money, a statement of moneys received and expended, with calculation of the balance; a detailed statement of money due. Hence, To open or close an account with one. To render or send in an account: to give any one a statement of money due by him. To pay or settle an account: to pay the amount therein shown to be due. Account current: a continuous account in which sums paid and received are entered in detail. Joint account: a transaction or speculation entered into by two parties not otherwise in partnership. In the general sense commonly in the plural, as, To keep accounts. To balance or square accounts with any one: to pay or receive the balance shown by a statement of account. Also b. One of the heads or subdivisions under which accounts are kept in a ledger, as a Cash Account, General Goods Account, Bills Receivable Account, the Profit and Loss Account, Personal Accounts, a Suspense Account.
c. 1300. Life of Beket, 164. This child Servede a burgeys of the toun, and his acountes wrot.
c. 1386. Chaucer, Shipm. T., 87. Wolde no man schold him lette Of his accomptes.
1413. Lydg., Pylgr. Sowle (1483), IV. xxxiv. 83. The Shirreue muste yeue rekkenynge soo that the ende of his offyce is acountes of money.
1523. Fitzherbert, Surveying (1539), xvii. 35. The accomptes of euery bayly or reue and other accomptance.
1593. Shaks., Rich. II., I. i. 130. My Soueraigne Liege was in my debt, Vpon remainder of a deere Accompt. Ibid. (1607), Timon, II. ii. 142. At many times I brought in my accompts, Laid them before you.
a. 1618. Raleigh, Mahomet, 42. Reckoning made without an hoste is subject to a reare accompt.
1636. Healey, Theophrastus Characters, xxiv. 84. If hee cleare an accompt with any, hee commands his boy to cast away the Compters.
1652. Brome, Joviall Crew, I. 358. The ballance of the several Accompts, Which shews you what remains in Cash.
1682. J. Scarlett, Stile of Exch., 39. The account currant should alwayes be clear and demonstrative, and show how the account stands with the Correspondent at all times.
1685. R. Morden, Geogr. Rectified, 275. They keep their Accompts by Livers, Solds, and Deniers.
1719. W. Wood, Surv. Trade, 88. The Commissioners of the Publick Accompts.
1727. Arbuthnot, Hist. John Bull (1755), 16. Bless me, what immense sums are at the bottom of the accompt!
1771. Franklin, Autobiog., Wks. 1840, I. 68. I attended the business diligently, studied accounts, and grew expert at selling.
1779. Johnson, L. P., Fenton, Wks. 1787, III. 198. Detained him with her as the auditor of her accompts.
1823. Scott, Peveril, II. ix. 195. The shot has balanced all accompts.
1839. G. P. R. James, Gent. Old Sch., I. v. 127. You are running up a long account against us.
1841. Macaulay, W. Hastings (1851), I. 7. After two years passed in keeping accounts in Calcutta, Hastings went up the country.
1850. Thackeray, Pendennis, xli. 351. Pen thought of opening an account with a banker. Ibid. (1852), Esmond (1876), I. ix. 79. Besides writing my lords letters, and arranging his accompts for him.
1853. Lytton, My Novel, I. X. xx. 175. When you have squared your account with delicacy, come to me.
1874. Mrs. Riddell, Mortomleys Est., II. ii. 24. To have an account at an old banking establishment.
1878. Mrs. H. Wood, Pomeroy Ab., II. iii. 282 (Tauchn.). I told him I should take the accounts into my own hands.
c. On Stock Exchange. The fortnightly or monthly settlement of transactions between buyers and sellers, or the transactions to be then settled. A sale for the account, as distinguished from a sale for cash, is an engagement on the part of the seller to deliver, and on the part of the buyer to receive and pay for the stock sold, at the ensuing settlement.
1880. Daily Tel., April 30. A large amount of business was done for the new account.
3. In account with: in business relations requiring the keeping of an account with. To place or pass to account: to debit or credit a persons account with an amount. For account of: to be sold or realized for, to be accounted for to.
1647. J. Saltmarsh, Sparkles of Glory (1847), 109. I left my adversary still upon some account with me.
1678. Lestrange, Senecas Morals, 4 (1702). For there are, that reckon it an Obligation and place it to Accompt.
1690. Locke, Hum. Unders. (ed. 3), III. x. 279. A man in his Accompts with another.
1711. Steele, Spectator, No. 87. ¶ 2. Beauty is thrown in to the accompt in matters of sale.
1732. Law, Serious Call (ed. 2), i. 12. Placed to her account at the last day.
1823. Scott, Quent. D. (1871), xxviii. 365. Oh! do not reckon that old debt to my account.
1826. T. Tooke, Currency, 102. A very considerable proportion are shipped for account of the manufacturers.
1882. Daily Tel., 4 May. A large portion of the gold recently advised as having been shipped from Australia has been landed at Galle for Indian account.
4. On account: as an item to be accounted for at the final settlement, in anticipation of or as a contribution to final payment, as an interim payment on account of something in process. On ones account: so that it shall be charged or entered to his account; in his behalf and at his expense. On ones own account: for ones own interest, and at ones own risk.
1611. Bible, Philemon 18. If hee oweth thee ought, put that on mine account.
1678. Butler, Hudibras, III. ii. 1158. Resolution Chargd on th account of Persecution.
1691. Petty, Polit. Arith., x. 114. All Commodities, bought and sold upon the accompt of that Universal Trade.
1698. Luttrell, Brief Rel. (1857), IV. 333. The summ of £250,000 be allowed upon account towards defraying the charge of disbanding the private troopers.
1826. Disraeli, Vivian Grey, V. vi. 199. Shall I throw down a couple of Napoleons on joint account?
1852. McCulloch, Taxation (ed. 2), III. i. 420. Going into the money-market and borrowing 1000l. on his account.
1853. Lytton, My Novel, I. III. xiii. 129. [She] was sometimes austere and brusque enough on her own account, and in such business as might especially be transacted between herself and the cottagers.
1855. Prescott, Philip II. (1857), I. I. vii. 124. The sum offered by the constable on his own account and that of his son.
1879. J. Grant, in Cassells Techn. Educ., IV. 62/2. He started in business on his own account.
Hence, upon (obs. since 1750), on account of: a. In consideration of, for the sake of, by reason of, because of.
1647. J. Saltmarsh, Sparkles of Glory (1847), 86. Upon this account those offices have been thought ordinary which were upon the mere and pure account of the Holy Ghost.
1652. M. Needham, trans. Seldens Mare Cl., 82. The Customs out of this Sea were very great, onely upon the accompt of Fishing.
1694. R. LEstrange, Fables, No. 444 (ed. 6), 481. Shell never Trouble herself farther upon any Accompt of mine.
1727. Swift, Gulliver, II. iv. 199. I was far their inferior, and upon that account very little regarded.
1759. Robertson, Hist. Scotl., I. VI. 400. On many accounts she did not think it prudent.
1792. Burke, in Corr. (1844), III. 367. It is a matter on which I am doubly anxious,on its own account, and on account of your concern in it.
1832. Ht. Martineau, Demerara, i. 10. He keeps at home now, on account of his great age.
1855. Prescott, Philip II. (1857), I. II. vii. 280. He recommends the king on no account to remove Granvelle from the administration.
† b. In the matter of, with regard to, concerning. Obs.
1657. Cromwell, Lett. & Sp. (Carl.), IV. 270. The arguments were upon these three accounts.
1657. Austen, Fruit Trees, I. 5. Men are generally mistaken upon this accompt.
1679. Penn, Address to Prot. (1692), II. iv. 123. He hath said so well on this Account, that there is little need I should say any more.
1743. N. Appleton, Serm., 34. Should he be never so poor and low upon outward Accounts.
1749. Fielding, Tom Jones (1840), XIII. iv. 190. I am satisfied on the account of my cousin.
5. A reckoning in ones favor; interest, profit, advantage: esp. in find ones account in; turn it to ones account.
1611. Bible, Phil. iv. 17. I desire fruit that may abound to your account.
1701. Swift, Wks., 1755, II. I. 34. Wherein they expected best to find their own account. Ibid. (1727), Modest Prop., II. II. 61. They [twelve-year-olds] will not yield above three Pounds which cannot turn to Account either to the Parents or Kingdom, the Charge of Nutriment and Rags having been at least four times that Value.
1788. Priestley, Lect. on Hist., V. lxvi. 545. Gaul manifestly found its account in being conquered by the Romans.
1832. Ht. Martineau, Hill and Valley, iv. 52. A kind, too, which cannot be turned to any other account.
1860. Thoreau, Lett., 192 (1865). However, he found his account in it as well as I.
1863. Cowden Clarke, Shaks. Char., ii. 286. To make the best account of everything they encounter.
1878. Bosw. Smith, Carthage, 329. But the inactivity which was forced upon him he turned to good account.
6. The preparing or making up a statement of money transactions.
1646. Recorde, etc., Ground of Arts, 258. Now for the Accompt of Auditors, take this example.
1781. Gibbon, Decline & Fall, II. 55. The actual account employed several hundred persons.
1827. Hallam, Const. Hist. (1876), II. xi. 377. Hence the bill appointing commissioners of public account.
III. The rendering of a reckoning.
7. A particular statement of the administration of money in trust: esp. in phrases; To give, yield, or render an account; to ask an account; to call or bring to account.
1513. Ld. Dacre, in Ellis, Orig. Letters, I. 34. I. 97. Alwey I shall be redy to gif accompt of the same at your pleasure.
1528. Perkins, Profitable Bk. (1642), viii. § 504. 221. The ordinary cannot demand accompt for them.
1535. Coverdale, Luke xvi. 2. Geue accompte of thy stewardshipe.
c. 1538. Starkey, England, II. ii. (1871), 186. To make a rekenyng and count before a juge.
1603. in Shaksp. Cent. Praise, 103. The Accompte of the right honourable the Lord Stanhope of Harrington for all such somes of money as have beine receaved and paied.
1653. Holcroft, Procopius, III. 76. Calling the Italians to accompt, who never toucht the Emperour monies.
1738. Hist. View of Crt. Excheq., ii. 18. The Sheriff was upon his Account, and shewed the Book of the Clerk of the Pells in his Discharge.
1866. Mrs. Gaskell, Wives & Daughters (Tauchn.), I. xvii. 285. The money for which he will give no account.
8. Hence a. A statement as to the discharge of responsibilities generally; answering for conduct.
c. 1340. Richard Rolle of Hampole, Prick of Conscience, 3986. Þe Acunt and þe rekennyng Þat þai sal yheld of alle þair lyfyng. Ibid., 5613. Alle þat sal com byfor Crist þat day, Sal strayt acounte yhelde.
a. 1450. Knight de la Tour, 59. Of the which God wille axse hem acompte at the dredfulle day.
1563. Homilies, II. xv. II. (1640), 204. Let us call ourselves to an accompt.
1579. Tomson, Calvins Serm. on Tim., 116/1. Will not God aske vs an accompt?
1599. Shaks., Much Ado, IV. i. 338. Claudio shall render me a deere account.
1601. Barlow, Serm. at Paules Crosse, Pref. 1. Heaven is not liable to any accompt.
1654. E. Johnson, Wonder-working Prov., 183. Being questioned how he came by it, could give no good accompt.
1732. Law, Serious Call (ed. 2), ii. 21. Whether we shall be calld to account at the last day.
1824. Scott, St. Ron. Well (1868), xiii. 643. Obliged to bring somebody or other to account for the general credit of the Well.
1876. Freeman, Norm. Conq., III. xii. 89. Theobald of Chartres was also called to account.
b. The final account at the judgment-seat of God, on the great day of accounts.
1743. J. Morris, Serm., ii. 52. In this awful account they, who are set on the left hand, are supposed to believe in Christ.
1822. S. Rogers, Italy (1852), 107. Many a transgressor sent to his account.
1848. Marryat, Childr. N. Forest (Tauchn.), xx. 248. He has gone to his account! God forgive him.
c. To give account of: to give an explanation, account for.
1775. Johnson, Lett., No. 126 (1788), I. 274. I am so much disordered by indigestion, of which I can give no account, that it is difficult to write more.
d. in sporting phr. To give a good account of: to be successful with; do his duty by.
1684. Scanderbeg Redivivus, iv. 81. Offering that with an Army of 60 thousand he did not doubt but to give a good account of this Summers Campaign.
Mod. The terrier gave a good account of the rats.
† 9. In the prec. sense the pl. accounts was formerly used collectively, or as a singular. a. of money.
1398. Trevisa, Barth. De P. R. (1495), VI. xvii. 202. Wyse and waar and cunnynge to ȝeue acomptes and rekenynge.
1461. Paston Lett., No. 395. II. 19. That I may have xxti li, I xall ȝeve ȝow acompts ther of.
1591. Lambarde, Archeion (1635), 30. He talketh of Accompts to be made to the King there.
1611. Bible, Dan. vi. 2. And ouer these, three Presidents, (of whom Daniel was first) that the Princes might giue accompts vnto them, and the King should haue no damage.
1704. Col. Records Penn., XI. 128. And return accompts thereof.
1762. Goldsmith, Beau Nash, 14. To giue in his accompts to the masters of the temple.
b. of responsibility or conduct.
c. 1260. A Sarmun, 24, in E. E. Poems, 3. Ȝe sulle we ȝiue a-cuntis Of al þat we habbiþ ibe here.
c. 1300. Seyn Julian (Ashm.), 98. Biuore our maister wende, Oure acountes uorte yelde.
c. 1460. How a Marchande &c., 248, in E. P. P. (1864), 207. I wyll neuyr aske yow accowntys.
1526. Tindale, Matt. xviii. 23. They shall geve acountes at the daye off judgement.
1549. Coverdale, Paraph. Erasm. on Hebrues, 6. Unto whom we must geue an accomptes of our lyfe.
1549. Latimer, 7 Serm. bef. Edw. VI. (1869), 50. Before whom thou shalt appere one day to rendre a strayght accomptes, for the dedes done in thy flesh.
1564. Becon, Gen. Pref., Wks. 1843, 25. We shall render an accompts for the lives of them all.
10. Law. A writ or action against a bailiff or receiver, or others, who, by reason of their offices or business, are to render accompt but refuse to do it. Tomlins, Law Dict., 1809.
1622. Malynes, Anc. Law-Merch., 468. The trial of an Action of Account at the common-law is tedious.
1641. Termes de la Ley. Acompt is a Writ, and it lyeth where a Bayliffe or a receiver to any Lord or other man, which ought to render accompt, will not giue his account.
1809. Tomlins, Law Dict., s.v. One merchant may have accompt against another where they occupy their trade together Account does not lie against an infant, but it lies against a man or woman that is guardian, bailiff, or receiver, being of age and dis-covert.
IV. Estimation, consideration.
11. Estimation, consideration, esteem, worth, importance in the eyes of others; esp. in the phrases: a person or thing of some account; to be held in some account.
1393. Gower, Conf., I. 217. That he his fader in disdeigne Hath take and sette at none accompte.
1587. Fleming, Contn. Holinsheds Chron., III. 1375/1. To view Sussex and the havens, and as he thought, to tast the best of account there.
1598. B. Jonson, Ev. Man in his Hum., I. i. 11. A Scholler of good accompt, in both our Universities.
1599. Greene, Alphonsus, 44 (1861), 244. Rich Pactolus, that river of account.
1613. Purchas, Pilg. (1864), 3. Wild goats, whose hornes are in account against venome.
1645. Pagitt, Heresiogr. (1662), 208. More ancient and of so special accompt.
1667. Primatt, City and Country Builder, 3. Decent Houses made for the dwelling of gentry or citizens of accompt.
1680. W. Allen, Peace & Unity, 11. To appear considerable in the account of others.
1681. Dryden, Abs. & Ach., I. 628. Moses laws he held in more account, For forty days of fasting in the mount.
1767. Fordyce, Serm. to Y. Wom., I. iii. 95. Are all these of no account?
1876. Freeman, Norm. Conq., IV. xviii. 222. The town of Huntingdon was, then as now, one of much less account than Cambridge.
12. To make account of: to hold in estimation, regard as important; to value, esteem.
1393. Gower, Conf., III. 267. A leon in his rage, Which of no drede set accompt.
1490. Caxton, Eneydos, xvi. 62. Therof she made none acompte.
1578. Lyte, Dodoens, 735. This kind of Nut is a wild fruite, whereof men make none accompt.
1580. North, Plutarch (1676), 4. She was not a beast to be made light account of.
1611. Bible, Ps. cxliv. 3. Or the sonne of man, that thou makest account of him?
1616. Surflet & Markh., Country Farme, 581. At Rome this kind of bread is made no account of.
1855. Prescott, Philip II. (1857), II. vii. 276. They were indignant that so little account should be made of their representations.
1860. Dickens, Uncom. Trav. (1866), vi. 37/1. Of the page I make no account, for he is a boy.
1866. Mrs. Gaskell, Wives & Daughters (Tauchn.), I. xviii. 329. The little account she made of her own beauty pleased Mr. Gibson.
† 13. Reckoning, estimate, consideration, thought. esp. in phrase To make account (that, to do): to reckon, calculate, resolve, expect. Obs.
1583. Golding, Calvins Deut. xix. 110. Wee haue made our Account to rest simply vppon his Word.
1586. G. Whitney, in Farrs S. P. (1845), I. 206. And make accompte that honor to be theires.
1600. Holland, Livy, XLI. xix. 1108 h. Making full account [haud dubie], that the next day the enemies would yield.
1611. Bible, 1 Macc. vi. 9. He made account that he should die.
1623. Bingham, Xenophon, 41. Wife and Children, which he made account neuer to see again.
1633. Bp. Hall, Hard T., 52. That yee may know where to make account of my presence.
1642. Howell, For. Trav., 37. Make accoump for matters of fertility of soyle.
1662. H. More, Antid. agt. Ath. (1712), Pref. Gen. 5. I make account I began then to adorn my Function.
1697. Patrick, On Exodus, i. 17. They made account the things of God were to be preferrd before those of Men.
1729. Burkitt, On N. T., Mark vi. 35. No pastors in the sight of God and in the account of Christ.
1784. Cowper, Task, IV. 356. Oh happy! and in my account, denied That sensibility of pain.
14. To take into account, take account of: to take into consideration as an existing element, to notice; so, to leave out of account.
1681. Chetham, Anglers Vade-mecum, xl. § 30 (1689), 304. Some Rivulets are taken into the accompt.
1844. Ld. Brougham, Alb. Lunel (1872). I will take the royal training into my account.
1868. Kingsley, Heroes, IV. 129. Do you take no account of my rule?
1871. Smiles, Character (1876), i. 25. It is not great men only that have to be taken into account.
1880. Gen. Adye, in 19th Cent., No. 38. 702. Any system must be bad which leaves out of account the first principle of regimental efficiency.
15. To lay ones account with (on, for): to reckon upon, anticipate, expect. (orig. Scotch.)
1746. Rep. on Cond. Sir J. Cope, 189. These are fixed Resolutions, on which your Royal Highness may lay your account.
1748. Smollett, R. Random (1812), I. 176. I must lay my account with such interruption every morning.
1799. Dundas, in Wellesley Desp., 644. We must lay our account with being at all times obstructed in our views.
1827. Hallam, Const. Hist. (1876), I. v. 233. The jurors must have laid their account with appearing before the star-chamber.
1844. Ld. Brougham, Alb. Lunel (1872), II. v. 167. You may lay your account with increasing rather than stemming the mischief.
1845. Hamilton, Pop. Educ. (ed. 2), ii. 17. We as Christians need not lay our account for any other state of society.
1852. McCulloch, Taxation, III. ii. 456 (ed. 2). We may lay our account with being again involved in war.
V. Narration, relation.
16. A particular statement or narrative of an event or thing; a relation, report, or description.
1614. Raleigh, Hist. World, III. 5. To this accompt agreeing with the Scriptures I have sometimes subscribed.
1633. Campion, Hist. Ireland, Ep. Ded. II. 1. An accompt of my poore voyage.
1715. Steele, Addisons Drummer, Pref. Having recommended this Play I feel myself obliged to give some Account of it.
1762. Goldsmith, Cit. World (1837), cxix. 464. Though I gave a very long account, the justice said, I could give no account of myself.
1792. Anec. W. Pitt, I. ii. 29. A dark, confused, and scarcely intelligible accompt.
1793. Smeaton, Edystone Lightho., § 313. Edwards gave account that they lighted the house, as they were directed.
1804. Jane Austen, Watsons (1879), 335. Begin and give me an account of everything as it happened.
1860. Dickens, Uncom. Trav. (1866), v. 31/2. When he heard of talent, trusted nobodys account of it.
1872. Freeman, Hist. Ess. (ed. 2), 14. The whole Norman account of Godwine is one of the best specimens of the growth of legend.
Attrib. and Comb. Account-book, a book prepared for the keeping of accounts. Account day, day of reckoning. Account Sales, a detailed account of the sale of a parcel or cargo of goods.
1699. Bentley, Phalaris, 535. He represents the Account-Book of some of the wealthy Men of that Age.
1838. Carlyle, Sart. Res., II. iii. 124. My Teachers were hide-bound Pedants, without knowledge of mans nature or of boys; or of aught save their lexicons and quarterly account-books.
1853. Lytton, My Novel, II. VIII. xii. 51. Never kept the money; and never looked into the account books!
1860. Froude, Hist. Eng., V. xxix. 460. If the account-books of twenty years of confusion were not forthcoming and in order, they were to be proceeded against without mercy.
1580. Hollyband, Treas. Fr. Tong., Dresseur de compte, an accompte caster.
1837. Carlyle, Fr. Rev., I. II. viii. 83. Now the account day has come.
☞ Phrase-key. Balance a 2, bring to a 7, call to a 7, cast a 1, close a 2, a current 2, find a in 5, for a of 3, for the a 2 c, give a of 8 c, d, hold in a 11, in a with 3, joint a 2, keep a 2, lay a with 15, leave out of a 14, make a of, that 12, 13, of a 11, on a 4, open a 2, pass, place to a 3, render a 2, 7, settle a 2, square a 2, take into a, take a of 14, turn to a 5, upon a 4.